Spiritual Glossary

A

Aachar
Conduct

Aacharan  
Conduct

Aachar samhita
Code of conduct

Aadarsha vyavahar 
Ideal worldly interaction

Aadayee
Obstinacy

Aadesh     
Command; Directive

Aadeshatmak
Sermons; Instructions

Aadhar    
Support

Aadhi
Mental suffering

Aadhin    
Subservient

Aadhinta      
Total surrender

Aadi
The beginning; Origin

Aado                             
Obstinate and adamant

Aafrin    
Extraordinarily impressed

Aagam   
Jain scriptures

Aagraha  
Overt insistence; Strict belief

Aahaar      
Food; Nourishment

Aahuti       
Sacrificial offering

Aakarshan      
Attraction

Aakash
Space; Dravya, which gives space to all

Aakhyan   
Lecture (not discussion)

Aakraman     
Attacking nature

Aakrosh     
Anger; Verbal abuse

Aakshep 
Accusation; Allegation; Blame

Aangi 
The silver-plating over the idols of God

Aantrik buddhi  
Inner intellect

Aantrik tapa  
Inner penance

Aanushangik  
Best progress on the path of liberation; related to the Self

Aarpaar     
To see it as it is; to see through and through

Aasakti      
Infatuation; Strong attachment

Aasan
Seat; Place for sitting; Posture or mode of sitting; Any one of the 84 postures in yoga

Aascharya
Extraordinary event

Aashanka    
Repeated suspicion

Aashrav
Influx of karmas

Aashraya
That on which thing depends; Support; Refuge

Aashrit   
Having support; Dependence

Aathham
Eighth day of lunar fortnight  

Aatyantik
Final; Infinite; Endless; Supreme; Best

Aavega     
Emotional force

Aavirbhav
Manifestation; Incarnation; Birth; Right belief

Abandha
Non-binding activity; Absence of the inflow of karmic matter towards the Self

Abhaav    
Dislike; Aversion

Abhavya
One who is not likely to attain knowledge of the Soul and liberation associated with Self realization, and cannot liberate to moksha; One who is unlikely to attain moksha

Abhaya  
Fearlessness

Abheda    
Without division; Oneness; The One without separation from the Self

Abheda bhaav
Sense of oneness

Abheda buddhi  
Intellect without division

Abheda dharma 
Path of oneness

Abheda drashti 
Vision of oneness

Abheda swaroop  
No separation from any living being

Abhedta   
Oneness

Abhilasha
Deepest desire

Abhimaan   
Excessive pride; Arrogance; In Dada's words "ego with rich material" (the 'My' and 'Mine' materials attached to 'I', the ego)

Abhinivesh     
Stuck on one point

Abhipraya    
Opinion

Abhishek
A ritualistic worship; The ritual of consecration by sprinkling water on the idol of a deity (Lord)

Abhogya bhokta
Enjoying that which is not meant for enjoyment

Abhyantar   
Inner

Abhyas
Study; A regular practice; Discipline

Abhyudaya  
Prosperity or uplifting in the worldly Life; Reward of worldly life

Abrahmacharya
Non-celibacy; Incontinence of sexual impulses

Abuddha  
Without intellect; The state where intellect is not employed; Beyond intellect

Achad (Achal) (Achar)
Absolutely still; Immovable

Achal (Achad) (Achar)
Still; Immovable

Achar (Achad) (Achal)
Still; Unchanging; Stationary

Acharyas
Self-realized masters

Achaurya  
Non-stealing

Achetan    
Inanimate or Non-living; Devoid of consciousness of the Self; Inert

Achintya chintamani
One that cannot be envisioned, and yet makes you what you envision

Achyuta  
Not subject to fall

Adeetha tapa   
Invisible internal penance;     

Adharma  
Wrong karma through thought, speech and actions; Non-religious; That which hurts others; Moral or spiritual decadence

Adhikaar
Authority; Qualification; Power; A right

Adhikaran
Dependence; Receptacle

Adhishthan
Support; Basic foundation

Adhogati      
Regression towards lower life forms; Down-fall

Adholok
The lower world

Adhyakshan
Till now

Adhyas   
Constant belief of 'I am the body'; Practice

Adhyatma marg
The path that leads to the Self; Spiritual path

Adhyatma vani   
Spiritual language

Adhyatma vijay
Spiritual triumph

Adhyatmik    
Spirituality

Adhyatmik shakti
Power or energy of the Self

Adhyavasan
Vacillating thoughts of the mind

Adwaita
Non-duality; State of oneness with all

Adwaita bhaav
The state of non-duality through intent and ego

Agam  
Mysterious, that which can never be understood; Gnan beyond one's comprehension

Aghati karma
Non-destructive karmas; Karma that is not capable of  obstructing or preventing the intrinsic quality of pure Soul: karma of name and physical attributes (naamroop),karma of heritage (gotra), karma of life span (ayushya) and karma of suffering (vedaniya)

Agiyaras
Observance of the eleventh day of the moon cycle for fasting; The eleventh day of a lunar fortnight

Agna      
Special directive; Gnani's instructions that sustain the enlightened state after the Gnan Vidhi; The five supreme directives for the awakened one in Akram Vignan

Agnan    
Ignorance of the Self; Relative knowledge

Agnani   
One who is not Self-realized; Ignorant of the Self

Agnan kriya   
Activity of the non-Self

Agnan moha  
Attachment arising due to illusion arising from the ignorance of the real Self

Agnan mukti   
Freedom from ignorance

Agnanta       
Ignorance

Agnapurvak
In accordance with Agna        

Agna vichaya
The first pillar of dharmadhyan, to accept and believe that Lord's agnas are correct

Agni
Fire

Agnikayik
Fire-bodied

Agnya      
Ignorance

Agnyanbrahma
A state of ego

Agnyashakti     
Energy of ignorance

Agopya
Evident; Not concealed

Agrasocha    
Worries about the future

Aguru-laghu
Never increase or decrease; Neither heavy nor light

Aham
Ego; The sense of 'I-ness'

Ahambhaav       
'I-ness'; 'I am'; Egotistic expression

Ahamkar 
Egoism; Ego ('I am Chandulal'); Egoism of ('I am The doer')

Ahamkari 
Egotistic

Ahimsa   
Practicing non-violence towards other living beings

Ahimsak bhaav   
Non-violent inner intent

Ahita   
Harmful

Ahobhaav     
Praise

Airavat
Name of a Kshetra (location; place)

Aishwarya   
Godly qualities; Supreme Godly energies; Spiritual powers

Ajaanta  
Unknowingly

Ajagrut     
Unaware

Ajagruti    
Unawareness of the Self

Ajampo
Restlessness; Invisible anger

Ajanma
Unborn; Without birth

Ajar amar     
Ageless and immortal

Ajiva  
Non-living substance; Inanimate

Ajod  
Unique and unparalleled state

Akaam  
Without doership

Akadai   
Egoistic inflexibility

Akadaman 
Agitation

Akarma bhumi
The land of enjoyment only and hence not conducive towards attainment of Self-realization and moksha

Akarmi
One that does not bind karma (spiritual form)

Akarta  
Non-doer

Akhand
Undivided; That which remains continuous

Akhand brahmacharya
Uninterrupted pure celibacy through the medium of thought, speech and acts

Akhand jagruti       
Uninterrupted spiritual awareness

Akhand niddidhyasan  
Continuous and uninterrupted vision and awareness; Uninterrupted contemplation

Akhand sanidhya
Continuous closeness or association

Akhuta
That which never runs out or finishes

Akkal     
Intellect; Sense

Akkarmi    
Unfortunate one            

Akram     
Step-less

Akram path
Dadashri's direct path to liberation (Self-realization)

Akram Vignan    
The spiritual science of the step-less path to Self-realization; Science of Absolutism

Akriya  
Without action

Akshardham    
Imperishable abode

Akshaya
Indestructible

Akudata-vyakudata   
Disturbances in the non-Self; Vacillation between easiness and uneasiness; State of easiness-uneasiness

Alabh  
Loss

Alakh niranjan   
Alakh- imperceptible; that which cannot be known, Niranjan- No worldly thing can attach to it or bind it

Alaukik    
Beyond worldly; Of the Self; Cosmic; Unique; Extraordinary

Alaukik dharma  
Religion of the Self; Exceptional and extraordinary path to the Self

Alochana      
Recall and confession of mistakes

Alok
It is the space beyond the world. It is the limitless space

Alpahaar
Less food; Minimal food intake

Alpahaari
Very little eater

Amal    
Practice

Amar 
Immortal

Amarpad
Immortal state

Amizarna   
Tears flow from the idols

Amrut    
Nectar

Amurta 
Formless

Amurta dharma 
Worship of the formless

Anaachar
Sin; Bad action

Anaadi  
Having no beginning

Anaadianant     
Eternal; Without a beginning or an end

Anaadi kaal  
From time immemorial; Endless time

Anaahaari
One who does not eat or drink

Anadi   
Primitive

Anahat naad  
Original sound

Anami     
Without name

Anand    
Bliss

Anand swaroop    
The embodiment of supreme bliss

Anant
Endless; Infinite

Anantanubandhi kashays
The most intense type of kashays (anger-pride-deceit-greed) which leads to infinite bondage and births and obstructs Self-realization

Anantanubandhi krodh   
Anger that will make one bind karma for infinite lives

Anant charitra    
Infinite conduct

Anant chit
The chit that wanders at infinite places

Anant darshan
Infinite vision

Anant gnan  
Infinite knowledge

Anant shakti   
Infinite energy

Ananya  
Exclusive  

Ananyapanu   
Exclusive devotion; Matchless devotion

Ananya sharan
Matchless surrender

Anasakta
Beyond all attractions

Anatma 
The non-Self

Anekantik  
Perspective of universal acceptance; Non-absolutism; Accepting of different views and religions

Anekant-vaad
Doctrine of non-absolutism; Philosophy accepting different views

Anek chit
The chit that wanders at many places

Angulinirdesh
Guidance; Pointing out; A finger-pointing

Anischay  
Indecisiveness

Annamaya kosha
Physical self

Antahkaran    (Antahskaran)
Internal functioning mechanism in every human being composed of the mind, the intellect, the chit and the ego

Antarang pacchakhaan
Antarang means internal, Pacchakhaan means pratyakhyan

Antar ashaya  
Core inner wishes

Antaratma   
Awakened Self; The Self awakened in Akram Vignan in progress and progress toward full enlightenment

Antaratma dasha   
The intermediate awakened state

Antaray      
Obstacles

Antaray karma 
A ghati karma that obstructs the vigor of the Self; Obstructing karma

Antar bheda  
Inner separation

Antardaah
Inner suffering; Inner turmoil; Restlessness

Antar dasha
The inner state; Experience of the inner state

Antar drashti
Inward vision; Introspection

Antarmukha
Inward focus or vision

Antarsooj   
Inner insight

Antar tapa    
Internal penance

Antarvrutti
Inner tendencies

Antaryami
The supreme Lord; The Self

Anu
An atom; Molecule; Smallest part of anything

Anubhav     
Experience

Anubhav gnan  
Experiential knowledge

Anubhuti
Experience

Anugami
Follower; Successor

Anugraha
Grace; Favor; Obligation

Anukampa
Pity; Sympathy

Anukud   
Favorable

Anumodan   
Instigating; To give encouragement; Supporting the other person's actions

Anusaar
Accordingly

Anusthan
Religious ceremony; Performance; Commencement of an undertaking

Anuvrat    
Minor religious vows

Anvaya guna  
Own intrinsic property; Inherent properties

Aparadha
Gross hurt; Fault

Aparigraha    
Non-acquisitiveness; Non-possession

Aparigrahi     
Free from worldly attachment; One with non- acquisitiveness

Apaya-vichaya
The second pillar of dharmadhyan where one no longer has anger, pride, deceit or greed

Apeksha    
Expectation

Apkaya
Life forms or jivas formed from water

Apkirtan
Disgrace

Aprapta     
Unavailable; Not present

Apratikraman dosh  
Mistake for which pratikraman was never done in   the past life

Apratyakhyani krodh  
Anger for which one did not do pratikraman

Aptajana  
Trustworthy person

Aptapurush
One who is trustworthy at all times; It stands for a person who is completely trustworthy, in worldly matters as well as in the path towards liberation

Apta-vachan
Statement of an authentic personality

Aptavanis 
The untainted spoken words of the Gnani

Apujya   
Not worthy of worship

Apurnata     
Incompleteness

Apurva
Unprecedented; Unseen before

Apurva avasar   
Unprecedented occurrence

Apurva shakti  
Unprecedented energy

Apvada
Exception; Also means refutation; Reproach

Apvyaya  
Waste; Inappropriately abuse

Apyashnaam karma   
Discredit; Dishonor; Disgrace bearing karma; Defame bringing karmas

Ara   
Rotation of the cosmic time cycle. Time cycles, each with two eras: (a) The Avasarpini- gradually regressive serpentine time round. (b) The Utsarpini- gradually progressive serpentine time round. They follow each other in succession. Each era is further divided into six periods or 'Cosmic Rotations' [Aras]. Of these, we live in the Fifth Cosmic Rotation, namely 'Dusham' of the Avasarpini. Of this 2400 years are over. In Mahavideh Kshetra, there is eternally the Fourth Cosmic Rotation, namely Dusham-Susham. There is a permanent presence of the Tirthankars.

Aradhana  
Devotion and dedication

Arambha   
Beginning of any action; Is a karma of all three - the mind, the speech and the body

Arati     
The ritual of waving lamps in front of an idol or deity while singing a hymn

Arihant     
Living Lord; The One who has annihilated all internal enemies of anger, pride, deceit and greed

Aroopi                  
Formless

Aropit bhaav
False attribution of the belief 'I am Chandulal'; Intent laden claim

Arpan
Surrender; Also means Offering

Arta
Repressive or self-tormenting; Suffering

Artadhyan
Adverse internal meditation that hurts the self

Artha    
Material wealth; Meaning

Aruchi  
Lack of hunger and subtle longing

Arya praja  
Spiritually exalted people of India

Asahaj     
Lacking spontaneity and naturalness; Unnatural

Asaiyam     
Expression of kashay   

Asaiyami
The one who is under the control of kashay

Asaiyati puja
Worship of a householder; Worship of an enlightened one living a worldly life

Asamyak kriyas
Activity of mind, speech and body that hurts others

Asanga  
Free from association; Without company; Detached; Non-attached

Asangata   
The state of absolute detachment

Asankhyata
Innumerable; Countless

Asar     
Effect

Asatya   
Untruth; Wrong

Ashanti   
Restlessness

Ashariri
Free from embodiment; The state of the Gnani who is established in the Self

Ashariri bhaav  
No sense of ownership of the body

Ashata 
Uncomfortable and painful

Ashata-vedaniya   
Pain experiencing situation

Ashatna   
Irreverence; Sacrilege

Ashaya     
Receptacle; Intension

Ashirwad   
Blessings

Ashram
Resting place; A hermitage; A place of shelter; Place of spiritual retreat

Ashubha   
Bad; Inauspicious

Ashuddha  
Impure

Ashuddha upayog   
Impure use

Ashuddhi
Impurity

Aspashta    
Hazy; Unclear

Aspashta vedan   
Partial bliss of the Self

Astitva
Existence

Asvastha  
Restless

Atichaar    
Transgression of code of conduct; Doing something in excess

Atikraman  
Aggression towards other living beings through thought, speech and action

Atinidriya    
Beyond the senses

Atindriya sukh
Happiness beyond the senses - bliss of the Self

Atkan  
Intense inner obstacle; Insurmountable inner obstacle; Major blockade; Spiritual roadblock

Atma       
Self; The real Self or Soul

Atmabhaav   
Intent of the Self; All that is exclusively for the Self; Seeing God in every living being

Atmabodha
Awareness of the Self; Knowledge of the Self

Atma charitra    
Being and remaining the Self; Conduct as the Self

Atma darshan
Experience of the Self; Realization of the Self as distinct from the body

Atma dharma
The religion of the Self

Atma dhyan   
Meditation of the Self

Atmadhyas 
Permanent perception of the Pure Self (Atma + adhyas = study of the Self)

Atma drashti      
Vision of the Self; Vision that sees only the Soul in others

Atmaghat   
Violence against the self; Killing of the self

Atmagnan    
Knowledge of the Soul or Self

Atmagnani 
The one with full knowledge of the Self

Atma hatya
Destruction of the self; Suicide

Atmahimsa  
Violence to the self

Atma hita   
Welfare of the soul

Atma kalyan  
Salvation of the Soul

Atmananda
Bliss of the Self

Atmanishtha  
Faith in the Soul's inherent powers; Abiding in the Self

Atmanubhav   
Self-realization; Self enlightenment; Experience and realization of the Self (Soul)

Atmanubhuti    
Experience of the Self

Atmanusandhan
Continuous contemplation of the Self

Atma ramanata
Dwelling in the Self; To be absorbed in the Self

Atmaranjan
Eternal bliss of the Self

Atmarthi
One who is concerned only about attainment of the Self

Atma sakshatkar   
Self-realization

Atmashakti
Energy of the Self

Atma swabhav    
Nature of the Self

Atma swaroop
The essential nature of the Self; The embodiment of the Self

Atmavirya    
Energy of the Soul (Self)

Atmayoga  
Union with the Self

Atmayogeshwar    
The absolute one; The fully enlightened one

Atmayogi    
Self-realized; United with the Self

Atmic  
Pertaining to Soul

Atyaag    
Attaining

Avadhaan
Display of the ability to concentrate and attend to multiple activities simultaneously

Avadhi     
Senses; Visual

Avadhignan      
Visual or clairvoyance knowledge; Avadhi or direct knowledge of corporeal things without the help of the sense organs and the mind, but within some limit of space and time

Avagaman
Coming and going

Avagnya
Disdain

Avalumban    
Dependency

Avaran
Veil; Veil of ignorance over the Self

Avarnavaad
Not to tell it like it is about a person

Avarniya  
Indescribable

Avasarpini
Regressive half of the time cycle

Avasarpini kaal
Regressive half-cycle

Avastha   
Circumstance; Condition; State of things

Avasthit   
Absorbed in the effects of an event or situation, external or internal

Avatar    
Incarnation

Avinashi   
Indestructible and eternal

Avinaya  
Disrespect; Lack of humility

Avirata kashays    
Never-ending kashays

Avivek  
Discourteous; Indiscriminate

Avyabaadh     
Beyond all pain or pleasure

Avyabaadh swaroop
It means that no one can ever hurt the Soul, nor can the Soul ever hurt anyone

Avyabhicharini buddhi
Intellect which binds merit karma; Straight intellect

Avyakta
Not manifested in perceptible form; Imperceptible

Avyavahar 
Discourtesy; Unnatural worldly dealing

Avyavahar rashi  
Which have no names - embodied souls in an unnamed state

Avyaya
Immutable

Ayoga    
Exercise of the non-Self

Ayogipad
The highest pinnacle of spiritual ascent: the last  or the last stage of spiritual evolution, when all the vibrations of mind, speech, body totally stop.

Ayushya
Longevity

Ayushya karma
Longevity determining karma; Karma of life span

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B

Badatara     
Inner burning

Badhak
Impairing; Hindrance

Badmash       
Rogue

Bafaro  
Sultriness (karmic suffering)

Bahiratma
Exterior self; Perception of the external as the Self

Bahya bhaav
External intent; Worldly desires and emotions

Bahya buddhi
External intellect

Bahyakaran   
External activity

Bahyapuja
External worship

Bahyatapa
External penance

Balkrishna
The child Krishna

Bandh 
Bondage

Bandhan  
Bondage

Bangh  
Muslim prayer rituals of reciting the prayers as loudly as possible at predawn hours

Bapo      
Father figure

Barkat
Competence

Bavapanu
Kashay laden interaction

Bavas  
Those who renounce their worldly life and live through begging; The ascetics; A hermit; An acetic; A monk; One who renounces worldly attachments

Bavo (As in Hoo-Bavo-Mangaldas)
The internal one with beliefs and kashays; Kashay laden believer

Bebhanpanu  
Sheer spiritual slumber

Bedhyan
Unaware

Beej
Seed; Root; Source; Also means Second day of lunar fortnight

Beindriya
Souls that live with two senses, namely touch and taste

Beyavtari
Two lives before attaining moksha

Bhaan    
Awareness

Bhaang
An intoxicating drink

Bhaasya
Apparent; Seeming; Perceive

Bhaav  
Inner intent; Feeling

Bhaav-abhaav  
Good-bad inner intents

Bhaavako 
The doer of the bhaav

Bhaavarth
Meaning with reference to internal feeling

Bhaav daya 
Kindness towards your own self

Bhaav himsa
Intentions to hurt or kill; Intent of violence

Bhaavi
Future

Bhaavitavyataa     
Destiny

Bhaavkarma  
Cause karma; Charge karma

Bhaav maran   
Intent of killing one's own Soul

Bhaav mun     
Charging mind

Bhaavnindra  
Asleep to the Self; Unaware of the Self; Sleep that veils Your awareness of the Self, ('I am Chandulal'), The sleep that veils Gnan

Bhaav parinam     
The cause

Bhaav pratikraman   
Reversal of aggression in thoughts, speech and actions by changing the inner intent 

Bhaav puja      
Internal worship

Bhaav satta  
Energy and control

Bhaav shuddhi     
Purity of intent

Bhaav shunya
Without inner intent

Bhagwan  
God

Bhagwan Mahavir Swami
The Twenty fourth Tirthankar of the Jains, the last One in the present Avasarpini Kaal, descending time cycle

Bhagwan Rushabhdev
The First Tirthankar, the Absolute Scientist; First sociologist, reformer, administrator, agriculturalist. He renounced the kingdom, entrusting the throne to his eldest son, Bharat; First initiator of Tri-Mantras; also known as 'Dada' - Lord Adishwar 

Bhagwat   
Godly; Godlike

Bhagya  
Fortune

Bhagyavan
Fortunate one; Lucky

Bhajan
Religious song in praise of God

Bhajiya   
Fritters

Bhakta   
Worshipper; Devotee

Bhakti  
Devotion; Devotional worship; In Dada's terminology, a) to approach nearer and nearer to the Self, and b) to follow as instructed by Gnan

Bhanatar   
Education

Bhanjghad  
Problem

Bharat
Son of Lord Rushabhdev, the first Chakravarti

Bharat kshetra
Name of a Kshetra, we live in this Bharat Kshetra, located in southern Jambudwip.

Bharelo maal
Stock of karma filled in the past life; Stored baggage

Bhasha
Language

Bhasma  
Ash

Bhasmak Graha
Planetary influence

Bhautik   
Worldly

Bhav bhramanata
Wandering into one life after another

Bhavendriya   
Inner invisible sense organs

Bhavna
Expressed intent; Desire

Bhavya
Worthy of Liberation; Soul that may attain moksha; One who is capable of attaining moksha

Bhaya  
Fear

Bhaya sangnya
Self preservation instinct

Bhayasthan     
Greatest areas of danger

Bhed    
Separation

Bhed buddhi   
Divisive intellect

Bhed gnan   
The knowledge that separates the Self from the non-Self

Bhed Vignani  
A spiritual scientist that has the experiential knowledge that separates the Self and the non-Self

Bhedbhaav     
View of difference

Bheekh  
Beggary

Bhoda and jada  
Naïve and unaware

Bhodpan   
Guilelessness

Bhodu
Simple and straightforward; Naïve

Bhoga
Experience of worldly joy and sorrow; Enjoyment

Bhoga bhumi       
Land of enjoyment

Bhogavavoo     
To enjoy

Bhogavnaar
Sufferer-enjoyer of pleasure

Bhokta     
The one experiencing' Enjoyer

Bhoktapanu
State of sufferer

Bhool  
Mistake

Bhoota    
Ghost; Evil spirit; Past

Bhramanaa
Illusion; A wrong belief

Bhrant buddhi    
Intellect under the influence of illusion

Bhranti
Illusion; Wrong belief; Delusion; Ignorance

Bhrantiras
The 'sweet relish' that perpetuates the illusion

Bhrant purusharth
Illusory effort

Bhrashtachar
Corruption

Bhumika
State

Binharif   
Non-competitive

Bodha
Enlightenment; Satsangof the knowledge of the Soul; Sacred teachings

Bodha kada  
Art of explanation

Brahma    
The Self

Brahmaand     
The universe

Brahmachari    
Celibate

Brahmachari purush
Man of accomplished brahmacharya

Brahmacharya
Celibacy (Absolute freedom form sexual impulses through mind-speech-body)

Brahmanishtha  
Established in the Self

Brahmarandhra  
An aperture at the crown of the head through which the soul departs upon death

Brahmasambandha   
Union with the Lord

Brahmaswaroop     
Self-realized

Brahmavakya   
Eternal words

Brahmin    
The priests; Scholars and thinkers

Buddha     
The one whose intellect has surpassed the highest attainable level

Buddhi   
Intellect; Light of the Self coming through the medium of the ego; Indirect light of the Self

Buddhi dharma    
Functioning of the intellect

Buddhijanya gnan
Intellectual knowledge

Buddhi's ashaya
Receptacle of intellect; Deep seated intent of the intellect; Root intent of intellect; Fundamental intent of the intellect

Buddhivaad      
Intellectual conflict laden speech

Buddhiyoga   
Intellectual yoga

Buddhu
Slang for stupid

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C

Chadasey chadhavu
Engage oneself in confrontational arguments; Interaction of animosity

Chaitanya     
Divine consciousness; Pure consciousness

Chaitanyaghan
Solid entity of Knowledge and Vision

Chaitanya swaroop   
Embodiment of the pure Self

Chakhanaar
The taster

Chakravarti   
King of Kings; Lord of six continents; Supreme lords

Chakshu
Organ of vision; Eyes

Chalan  
Authoritative control; Controlling influence

Chamatkar   
Miracle

Chanchal   
Transitory; Unsteady; Impatient

Charam dasha     
Final life; Charam pudgal

Charam sharira  
The ultimate body

Charamshariri    
The final embodiment before moksha; Last life in human form- those who have the final physical body before moksha-liberation; The last body that the Self has before liberating to final moksha

Charan
Feet

Charanaravinda    
Lotus feet

Charitra   
Conduct

Charitrabud 
Power of conduct; Energy and tenacity of conduct as the Self

Charitra moha     
Illusory attachment in discharge of karma; Discharging illusionary conduct; Effect of past life's illusion which created this life's illusionary attachment and bondage

Charitra mohaniya   
Discharging illusory karma; Conduct deluding karma

Charmachakshu     
Physical eyes

Chaturai   
Craftiness and cleverness

Chaturgati    
The four worlds of existence within which the Soul migrates

Chaturindriya
Four-sensed (touch, taste, smell and sight)

Chaturmasa     
A period of four months in a rainy season, July to October

Chaud lok
Fourteen Cosmic Planes

Chaurya  
Stealing

Cheedha
Upset and annoyed

Chetak  
Makes you cautious

Chetan  
The Self; Soul; The living one; Life energy; Animate; Pure consciousness

Chetana     
Energy of the Self

Chetan bhaav    
Energy of life; Charged life principle

Chetanta  
Experiencing eternal life sustaining element, the Self

Chetan tattva  
Living element; The Soul; The Self

Chidanand      
Bliss of the Self

Chinta    
Worries

Chintavan  
Envisions; Persistent focus and rumination on a topic usually visualized in chit

Chit    
Subtle component of vision and knowledge in the inner functioning instrument called antahkaran

Chitprasannata  
Spontaneous joyful state

Chitraman     
Painting; Complex painting

Chitvruttis  
Tendencies of chit

Choothavu
To tease and jumble up

Chor daanat  
Deceptive intent

Chovihaar  
Practice of no food intake after sunset; Vow to eat before sunset

Chovisis     
Succession of twenty-four Tirthankars in the third and fourth era of each of the Time-cycles

Chyuta     
Prone to fall and end; Degradation or loss of an exalted and privileged position

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D

Daan         
Charity; Beneficence; Alms giving

There are four types of daan: aahaardaan (food), aushadhdaan (medicines), Gnandaan (knowledge) and abhayadaan (freedom from fear). Dadashri considers abhayadaan as the highest daan that one can give to others and it does not cost anything.

Daanat       
Tendency

Dada Bhagwan
Fully enlightened Lord within the Gnani Purush

Dahapan
Misguided intellect

Dahivada
Fried daal cakes in spiced curds

Dakhal     
Interference reactions

Dakho    
Mess; Interference

Dankha     
Residual effect of bite; Inner hook

Darshan    
Enlightened vision; Vision as the Self; Devotional viewing of God

Darshan avaran  
Vision covering veils

Darshan moha 
Illusion of 'I am Chandulal'; Illusion that charges karma; That which makes one forget the Self

Darshan mohaniya  
Right belief deluding karma or ignorance of the Self; Karma of illusory attachment which is there due to 'I am Chandulal'

Daya         
Pity; Mercy

Deevo   
Lamp

Deha
Body

Dehabhimaan   
I am this body

Dehadhari
Embodied; One living as the physical body

DehadhariParmatma  
Embodied Absolute Omniscient; Absolute Self in a human body

Deha dharma
Functions of the body

Dehadhyas   
False belief that, 'I am this body'

Dehamukti   
Freedom from the physical body

Dehavirya
Energy of the body (semen)

Dehayoga     
Physical yoga

Dehi   
Embodiment

Dekhat bhooli    
Illusion that deludes

Derasar   
Jain temple 

Deravasi    
Jains who visit the derasar for their rituals 

Deshna  
Speech of the Omniscient One; Liberating utterances of the fully enlightened one-arihant; Immortal utterances of the Absolute or the Arihants

Devadhidev
The Supreme Lord

Devas and devis  
Celestial beings

Devgati      
Celestial world; Gati: migration of the Soul into different states of existence

Devlok    
A cosmic plane where celestial beings live

Devshi    
Late evening pratikraman

Dhaaran
Support and absorption

Dhaarna
Mental retention

Dhairya  
Stoicism; Non-reactive patience

Dhanipanu   
Dominate as a husband

Dhanyavaad  
Praiseworthy

Dharma 
Religion; Rightful action; Role; True nature of a thing; Moral duty

Dharma bhavna  
Religious intent

Dharmadhyan 
Absence of artadhyan-raudradhyan; Absence of adverse internal meditation; Virtuous meditation

Dharmastikaya     
The element of motion

Dharma swaroop
True nature of the Self; Embodiment of religion

Dharyu karavoo
Do the way one wills and wants

Dharyukaravavoo
Make others do the way he wills and wants; Obstinately bent on having one's own way; Making others do according to what we want

Dhoti
White cotton or linen garment wrapped around the waist and tucked in

Dhun
Repeated singing of the Lord's name; Repetitive chanting

Dhuni     
Whimsical and absent-minded

Dhyan    
Meditation; One's attention

Dhyanroop   
The dominant mode of meditation; Engrossed in meditation; Become the form of the object of meditation

Dhyata
Meditator

 Dhyeya   
Goal; Object of meditation

Digambar
Name of the Jain sect whose mendicants practice ascetic nudity

Diksha  
Initiation into monkhood; Renounce worldly life

Divya
Divine; Celestial

Divya chakshu
Divine eyes; Vision of the Self; The enlightened vision; Divine eyes through which one sees both the Real and the relative as separate

Divya drashti
Divine perception

Dosh   
Mistake

Doshit    
One who has fault

Drashta
The Seer; The Self

Drashti   
Vision; Opinion; Point of view

Drashtibhed  
A vision of division

Drashtipher
The changed vision or view e.g. from 'I am this body' to 'I am pure Soul'

Drashti raag
Fanatic attachment to a view point; Exclusive attachment and insistence to any one particular viewpoint; Monomania 

Drashya
That which is to be seen; Scene

Dravya     
Effect of past life karma; Physical matter; Effect, that which is experienced through the mind, speech and body; External physical substance, substance which undergoes modifications but which by nature is imperishable

Dravya himsa
Violence committed through thoughts, speech and action

Dravyakarma    
Subtle discharging karma; Effect of previously caused karma; Discharge karma, (are charged atoms become a veil of ignorance, are  categorized as knowledge-deluding karma (gnanavaraniya), vision-deluding karma (darshanavaraniya), attachment karma (mohaniya), karmas of obstacles (antaray), karma of name and physical attributes (naamroop),karma of heritage (gotra), karma of life span (ayushya) and karma of suffering (vedaniya).

Dravya mun       
Discharging mind; Gross mind; Effective mind

Dravya parinam    
The effect; Result

Dravya pratikraman  
The gross (overt; visible) pratikraman ritual practiced in the traditional Jain religion

Dravya puja    
Worship through offerings; Rituals of worship; Worship of the external

Dravyendriya    
External, visible sense organs

Dukh  
Suffering; Pain; Misery

Dukh-sukh  
Pain and pleasure

Dukh buddhi   
Repel from pain

Durachar    
Immoral behavior

Duragraha   
Excessive and undue insistence; Obstinacy

Durbuddhi     
Bad intellect

Durdhyan
Evil meditation

Durlabh
Difficult to obtain

Durvyaya   
Misuse

Dushamkaal  
Aka as Kaliyug, this current time cycle is characterized as a time of lack of unity in people's thought, speech and action; An era of moral and spiritual decline

Dushkrut       
Wrong actions; Bad deeds

Dushmanavat    
Impurities in the mind leading to animosity

Dwaita          
Dual state; Duality

Dwandva    
Duality

Dwandvatita       
Beyond the dualities

Dwaparyug  
Cycle of moral deterioration and decreased purity; Yug means era. According to Eastern philosophy, time since Creation can be divided into 4 major Eras. The first is Satyug, followed by Tretayug, followed by Dwaparyug, and lastly the current era that we live in, i.e., the Kaliyug

Dwesh 
Abhorrence

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E

Ekagra dhyan  
Unchanging meditation

Ekagrata    
Focused attention; Concentration

Ekakar         
Become one

Ekant  
Unaccompanied

Ekantik
Single-minded; Single vision; Narrow-minded perspective; Individualized perspective

Ekantvaad
Absolute doctrine

Ekavtari         
Destined for only one more life before final liberation; One more life
remains before attaining moksha

Ek-chit      
Chit concentrated and focused in only one place

Ekendriya       
Single-sensory

Ekmata       
All become unanimously accepting; Unified in agreement

Ekta
Oneness due to compatible parmanus

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F

Faachar
Wedge (impediment)

Farajiyat
Mandatory; Compulsory

Fariyaad    
Complaint

Fikku
Insipid

File   
All interactions of the worldly life are due to karmic accounts and are considered 'files' - 'sticky' refers to the tenacity and the intensity of the file; Term used by Dadashri for the non-Self accounts, presenting in this life as individuals; All that is the non-Self after Gnan, karmic account of past life with a person

Five Agnas    
Special directives given by Dadashri after Self-realization in Gnan Vidhi;
Special directive; Gnani's instructions that sustain the enlightened state after the Gnan Vidhi; The five supreme directives for the awakened one in Akram Vignan

G

Gaaddha       
Strong; Deep

Gaaddha samkit  
Absolute conviction that 'I am pure Soul'

Gaanth   
Tuber (Karmic)

Gachha    
A group with the same opinion and agenda

Gadi  
Throne

Gadipati    
Holder of that throne

Galan    
Discharge; Out flux

Galgalia    
Excitement with the temptation of pleasure; Wallows with indulgence

Gambhir     
Stoic

Gambhirta 
Serenity

Gamo    
Likes

Ganadhars   
Enlightened masters who managed the masses who came to the Lord; Chief disciple or apostles of the Tirthankar

Ganatar   
Applied reasoning ability; Wisdom

Garavata  
Wallowing in worldly pleasures; Wallowing and remaining stuck in worldly comforts

Garbha
Conception; The womb

Garbhit  
Internally; Hidden; Not expressed

Garva      
Ego of doership; Subtle pride

Garvaras
To taste the sweet juice of doership; 'Juice' of doership; Indulgence in the sweet taste of doership

Gati   
Life forms: Migration of the Self into different states of existence: viz (i) Deva Gati - that of celestial beings, (ii) Nark Gati - that of hellish denizens, (iii) Manushya Gati - that of human beings and (iv) Tiryancha Gati - that of non-human beings, like birds, animals, insects, plants etc

Gati sahayak tattva     
Element of Motion

Ghaa
Wound, emotional or physical

Ghaat
Shape; Appearance; also opportunity; Plot

Ghasadi   
Bale

Ghat     
Death; Critical time of probable untimely death

Ghati karma      
Destructive karma; That which veils or obscures the essential nature of the Pure Self; are categorized as knowledge-deluding karma (gnanavaraniya),vision-deluding karma (darshanavaraniya), attachment karma (mohaniya), karmas of obstacles (antaray).

Ghabharaman
Suffocation

Ghadi    
One ghadi is twenty-four minutes

Ghamand     
False arrogance

Ghamandi     
A fake show-off

Ghan      
Unbroken and dense; A continuous 'solid' in which there is no void, no porosity

Gharshan     
Conflict

Ghen  
Suppressive effect

Ghodagaanth
Double running knot (that which cannot be undone, disentangled, opened)

Gnan    
Dadashri uses the word gnan for three types of knowledge: Gnan with capitalized 'G' is the knowledge of the Self (spiritual knowledge). The second gnan is the knowledge of cause and effects, life after life, and the third gnan is the worldly knowledge of human beings; The knowledge of the Self and of the doer through Gnan Vidhi in Akram Vignan

Gnanagni         
The fire of Knowledge

Gnanakar     
Remain as the knower

Gnanark        
Essence of Knowledge

Gnan avaran  
Knowledge covering veils

Gnanavaraniya karma
Karma that obstructs the full expression of the knowledge of the Self; Knowledge-deluding karma

Gnanavatar 
Human being laden with Gnan (Self-knowledge)

Gnan dasha
A state of Gnan

Gnanendriya     
Five senses; Sense organs of knowledge; There are five cognitive senses (the organs of which are the physical aspects of the senses) namely: hearing (ears), touch (skin), sight (eyes), taste (tongue), and smell (nose).

Gnani   
The Awakened One; Self-realized

Gnani Purush   
One who has realized the Self and is able to do the same for others; The
Enlightened One; Perfectly enlightened One, who is free from ego and all
worldly attachments and enlightens others

Gnan kada           
Art of knowledge

Gnan kriya     
The inner activity of the awakened Self towards full enlightenment; It means to know and remain as the Self;Activity of the Self to 'see' and 'know'

Gnan prakash    
Light of awakened awareness; Infinite light of real knowledge; The radiance of the light of the Self

Gnanshakti    
Power of knowledge; Energy of the Self

Gnan upayog
Application of awareness of the Self

Gnan vani           
Knowledge laden speech

Gnan Vidhi 
Scientific experiment (process) to impart Self-realization, exclusive for Akram Vignan. This is a scientific process of 48 minutes wherein the Gnani graces the seeker and imparts the Knowledge of the Self; Dadashri's forty eight minute scientific process of separating the Self and the non-Self.

Gnat
Knowing; Knowledgeable (as in Gnat-putra)

Gnata             
The knower

Gnata-drashta
Knower-Seer

Gnatapanu    
Knowing

Gnat pita      
Father or giver of the ultimate knowledge

Gnatputra     
Receiver of the ultimate knowledge

Gnayak    
Knower

Gnayak swabhav
Knower-ship

Gneya  
Object or thing to be known

Gneyakar   
Become one with what he sees

Godda
Taking the beating

Goonch    
Entanglement; Inner conflict

Goonchaman  
Entanglement

Gopis  
Female cow-herds who were very devoted to Lord Krishna

Gotra    
Clan; Status; Family; Lineage

Gotra karma
That which destines the family surrounding, rank etc. through one's birth
status-determining karmas

Graha    (Grahas - tugs of insistence)
Planet; Prejudice; Grasping of anything

Grahan    
Acquisitiveness; Acquisition or accumulation; Receiving; Grasping

Grahaniya
That which is to be acquired

Grahasthi  
Householder; Married people; Those who lead the worldly life

Grantha   
Book; Holy scripture or collection of work.

Granthi    
Karmic tuber

Gruhit mithyatva   
Dense wrong vision

Guhya   
Mysterious

Guineas
British gold coins

Guna   
Properties; Attributes; Inherent qualities

Gunadharma
Intrinsic properties that have a specific function

Guna paryaya
Attribute and phases

Gunasthanak
Spiritual stages; Stages of spiritual development

Gunthanu 
Spiritual stage; Period of 48 minutes; Stages of spiritual development

Guru     
Master; Preceptor; A guide

Gurukilli    
Special key; Knowledge which will not let the guru sink

Gurukul
Schools - generally, outdoors - in ancient India, where the teaching was on all areas of life, including spiritual practice and was done by Gurus or Sages.

Gurupujan
Ritualistic worship of the Guru

Gurupurnima
It is the pure full moon day of the Hindu calendar month of Ashadh. This day/festival is celebrated every year to express gratitude unto the Guru (Principle).  This festival is a greatest festival in the life of a seeker. This celebration in gratitude to the Guru is done for the seeker's spiritual progress, since the Guru is a manifest form of the Lord Himself. This celebration, the festival provides an unmatchable opportunity to progress spiritually.

Guruta
Largeness; Heaviness

Guruttam 
The highest

Gusso
Anger without violent intent

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H

Haash     
Sigh of relief

Hansa   
Swans; Symbol of spiritual achievement

Hari
The Self; He who removes all obstacles

Hathayoga
Practicing with ego

Heya       
Worth rejecting

Himsa        
Violence; Injury; Harming

Himsak bhaav  
Violent intent

Hisaab  
Karmic account

Hitkari      
Beneficial to the other person

Hitta 
Beneficial

Hoonpad 
I-ness

Hum
I am something; 'I-ness' with ego

Hutpunyashadi   
Inadequate merit karmas bearers

I

Ichchha  
Desire; Will

Ichchha shakti  
The power of will

Indriyagamya     
Known through the senses

Indriya gnan   
Information from the sense organs; Relative and sense oriented knowledge

Indriya pratyaksh
Sense-oriented

Indriyas     
Sensory organs

Indriya sukh   
Happiness related to the senses

Iriyapathiki kriya  
Walking with extreme caution so as not to hurt any living being

Irsha     
Jealous

Ishwar
God; The Lord; Master; King

Ishwar anugraha
The grace of God

J

Jaanavu    
Know

Jaap
Incantation; Chant

Jad   
Water

Jada    
Inanimate; Inert matter; Insentient

Jadataa
Heartless and callous

Jadibutti 
An extraordinary herbal root

Jagat kalyan
Salvation of the world

Jagrut
Alert; Waking state; Awareness of the Self

Jagruti    
Awakened awareness; Spiritual awareness

Jahojalali   
The ease of royal splendor

Jai Sat Chit Anand
Awareness of the Eternal is Bliss (Sat= Eternal, Chit= knowledge vision; Awareness, Anand= Bliss)

Jakka
Adamant; Insistence     

Jakki       
Strong headed

Jalkaya      
Water bodied

Jalkayik  
Water bodied

Jambudwip
As per 'cosmology' by the Omni-scient Absolutes, the Universe [Cosmos] is, in shape, comparable to a symmetrically built man, in whose extremities are hellish worlds; central portion encloses the animal and human worlds; breast, neck and head are composed of the celestial worlds. Above these worlds of gods, there is 'Siddha-Sheela'. It is the central abode of the Liberated Souls, who are ever radiant and in Bliss, free from all attachment or sorrow and suffering. In shape, it can be likened to above.
Canopy concave below and convex above. Now the universe, as described above, has Mount Meru in the centre around which runs the first continent Jambudwip- The Jambu Island, as it surrounded by the Lavana Samudra [Ocean]. In Jambudwip, there are 15 planes, inhabited by human beings. They are 'Karma-Bhumi', offering scope of liberation to the inhabitants through endeavor and effort. These fifteen planes are:5 Mahavideh Kshetras + 5 Airavat Kshetras + 5 Bharat Kshetras.
We belong to Bharat Kshetra. Our earth, including India, is Arya-Khanda, a subdivision of Bharat Kshetra.

Jamraj (Yamraj) 
God of death

Janma
Birth

Janma Kalyanak
One of the auspicious events in the career of a Tirthankar

Japa
Chanting; Incantation; Repetition of the name of God

Japayoga  
Yoga of the speech

Jathu
Collective

Jathu pratikraman  
Pratikraman of everything together

Jatismaran gnan    
Knowledge of one's previous lives

Jatra 
Pilgrimage

Jignyasa     
Inquisitiveness; Curiosity; Enquiry

Jignyasu  
Inquisitive

Jinamudra   
The posture of the Omniscient

Jitendriya Jina  
The one who has conquered all senses

Jiva     
Living being; Worldly being; Embodied soul, that which lives and dies

Jiva-ajiva    
Animate-inanimate; Living and lifeless

Jivadu
Insect

Jivanmukta
Liberation while one is alive; Embodied beings free from bondage; State of embodied freedom

Jiva pada
Live state

Jivatma   
Embodied self

Jivatma dasha      
A state of the worldly being who identifies himself with the body

Jokham
Danger; Risk

Jonaar    
Seer

Jovu   
See

Judai   
Separation

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K

Kaad   (kaal)
Time

Kaam     
Sexual desire

Kaamna   
Intense craving

Kachaash   
Lack of trained experience

Kach kach   
Nagging; Bickering

Kada      
Art

Kadagraha
Dogma

Kadhapo 
Outburst that hurts others; Visible anger

Kaivalya          
Absoluteness

Kakadaat 
Bickering

Kalam   
The inviolable laws of life, as shown by Dadashri in the Nine Kalams; Liberating sentence; Dikshavakya- a sentence that liberates; Precise orderly writing that leads to total freedom from all obstacles of worldly life

Kalash              
The holy pot

Kaliyug  
Current era of the time cycle characterized by lack of unity in thought, speech and acts. (The age of the 'Kali' of Kali Yug means 'strife, discord, quarrel, or contention.' This is characterized by lack of unity in mind, speech and actions. Kali Yug began at midnight (00:00) on 18 February 3102 BCE in the Julian calendar, or 23 January 3102 BC in the Gregorian calendar)

Kalpana          
Imagination

Kalpit       
Imagined

Kalpit sukh  
Projected happiness

Kalushit bhaav
Inner intent in the presence of the inner anger, pride, deceit and greed

Kalyan  
Salvation

Kalyan murti
Embodiment of salvation

Kalyan swaroop   
The enlightened One who liberates others; Embodiment of salvation

Kampayman    
Trembling energy

Kantado    
Mental and physical fatigue

Kanthi    
String of tiny wooden beads offered by the guru, worn around the neck

Kapat     
Deceit

Karan  
Cause

Karansarvagnya  
Causal omniscient

Karan sharira
Causal body; A new subtle body created (in Agnanta) in process of discharging of past karmas. This will become a Karya (effective body; discharging) sharira for the next life upon death. This is how life cycle continues from birth to birth.)

Karavnara      
One that makes you do

Karma   
The cycle of cause and effect life after life; To support the action with the belief 'I am the doer' is called binding the karma.

Karma fada   
Effect of karma of past life

Karmendriyas   
Organs of action: There are five in total (organs which are the physical
aspect of the senses) namely: speech (voice), handling (hands), walking
(feet), excretion (anus) and procreation (genitals).

Karma-vignan
Science of karma and their effects

Karma-yoga
Attainment of the Self through action

Karta       
Doer

Kartapad   
'I am the doer'; Doership

Kartapanu    
Doership

Karuna      
Compassion

Karunyata  
Unconditional, constant compassion

Karya
Effect

Karyasarvagnya
Effect omniscient

Karya sharira      
Effective body

Kashay bhaav     
The intent of anger, pride, deceit and greed

Kashays    
Inner hidden enemies of anger, pride, deceit and greed. Deluded behaviors that obstruct right knowledge and behavior and that perpetuate karma and involvement in the world

Kasht       
Physical suffering

Katha
Religious stories; Religious discourse

Kathor   
Harsh or callous

Kaya
Body

Kayotsarg  
Renunciation of the body complex

Keval
Absolute

Keval Charitra  
Absolute conduct

Keval Darshan  
Absolute vision

Keval Gnan  
Absolute knowledge; Omniscient knowledge; Absolute enlightenment

Keval Gnani 
Fully enlightened One

Kevali 
Fully enlightened being; One who has attained Kevalgnan

Keval karuna 
Absolute compassion

Keyf     
Intoxication of the ego

Khandaan    
Noble

Khandaani
Nobility

Khatpat      
Meddling

Khatpatia vitarag   
Vitarag who intervenes; Meddlesome vitarag

Khatpatio ego
Ego of constructive intervention

Khed    
'Burning' from within; Remorse

Khench
Inner tug of insistence

Khokhu
Empty container

Khuda    
Muslim word for God; Divine

Khumari  
The vigor of non-fluctuating spiritual energy; Extra pride with 'my-ness'; An aura of superiority; False pride

Khyal
Awareness

Kirtan    
Singing the glorification of the Supreme Lord, here, the Self

Kirtan bhakti   
Devotional singing

Kirti
Fame and recognition

Komalta  
Gentleness

Kram
Order; Step-by-step; Sequential order

Kraman 
Neutral actions; Actions that do not have any good or bad implications; Worldly interactions one carries; Neutral activity of mind, speech and body that does not hurt anyone

Kramic path
Traditional step-by-step path of spiritual progress; Traditional path of penance and austerities; Step-by-step traditional path to the Self

Kriya                
Action; Activities; Ritual; Religious rites; Any action of thought, speech or body; Activity of mind-speech-body

Kriyakand
Rituals

Kriyakari 
Works on its own from within; Brings results; Materializes in action

Kriyaman   
Effect of effect karma that is experienced through five senses in the same life

Kriya pratikraman 
Ritual of pratikraman traditionally practiced by the Jains with verbal recitations

Kriya shakti     
Power of action

Krodh
Anger with violent intent

Krodhak   
That what makes you angry

Krupa     
Grace

Krupa drashti   
When the disciple does what the guru asks, it keeps the guru happy

Krutarth
Cherish

Kshama
Forgiveness

Kshan
Moment

Kshanik
Momentary

Kshanvarti    
Prevailing in the alertness of one moment to the next

Ksharadham  
Life that will lead to death; Perishable state

Kshatriya 
The warrior caste

Kshaya
Destruction; Annihilation

Kshayak pratiti
Indelible conviction

Kshayak samkit  
Permanent attainment of 'I am the Soul'; Permanent conviction of the right belief, 'I am pure Soul'; Continuous link of the right belief

Kshayopsham      
Increases and decreases in intensity in energy

Kshetra   
Location; Place; Cosmic plane; Area; Site

Kshetragnya     
Knower-Seer of prakruti (the non-Self complex)

Kudarat
Nature

Kumkum   
Vermillion

Kundalini    
Corporeal energy; Yogic power

Kundalini-chakra
Mystical centers of psychic energy

Kupaatra   
Undeserving; Bad character

Kusadhus       
Wrong sadhus

Kusang        
Association with that which takes you away from your real Self; Bad company; Company of that which makes You move away from the Self; Harmful company

Kusangi 
Tainted by bad habits of the company

Kusang no pass   
'Spell' of harmful company

Kushanka  
Destructive suspicion; Negative suspicions

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L

Labdhi
Achievement

Labh     
Benefit

Labhantaray  
Obstruction in profits

Lachar      
Helpless

Lachari   
Helplessness

Lafru       
Something that possess a person; Impediment, the extra baggage; Anything that sticks on to people and possesses them

Laghuttam        
Smallest of the small; The lowliest and lightest in the relative being; Humble disposition; Ego-less; Utmost humility

Laksha    
Awareness as the Self

Lakshan
Characteristic

Lalacha        
Covetousness and intense insatiable greed; Greed laden temptation; Gluttonous greed

Lalachu        
An intensely greedy person

Latakati salaam
Dangling salute

Latt      
Habitual compulsion

Laukik    
Worldly; Relative; Mundane

Laukik dharma
Worldly religion; Traditional or relative religion

Laukik drashti   
Worldly viewpoint; Common viewpoint

Lakshmi    
Money

Laya
Dissolution

Lepayman     
The state of being covered; Coated; Anoint

Levadeva
Give and take; Concern

Lobh      
Greed

Lobhak      
Makes one greedy

Lobhi      
Greedy

Lobh kashay
Passion of greed

Lokachar   
Worldly conduct

Lokas   
Worlds or planes of existence

Loknindya
That which is worthy of worldly disapproval and criticism; Public censure; That beget criticism; Condemned by people

Lokpujya     
Reverence

Loksangnya     
Societal influence; Worldly peer pressure; Knowledge arising from association with the worldly people; Worldly view

Lonch    
A ceremony of hair plucking

Lord Mahavir   
A fully awakened, enlightened being in India, 2500 years ago

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M

Maafi     
Forgiveness

Maan
Pride; Recognition and self-validation

Maanav swabhav    
Human nature

Maani     
Pride-filled; Laden with heavy self importance and pride

Mada   
Pride

Note: Mada - pride; Muda - original; Mudd - impurity;
English Mud - dirt; rubbish

Madhyalok
The life-form stage of humans and animals is Madhyalok, or the Middle life-form World.

Magadhi language   
Language spoken during the time of Lord Mahavir 2500 years ago; Language of ancient Jain scriptures; An ancient Prakrut language of Magadha

Mahadevji
Lord Shiva; The enlightened one

Maharaja
High ranking ascetic

Mahasati   
A nun in Jainism

Mahatmas 
Those who have received Self-realization; Self-realized ones in Akram Vignan; Those who have attained Self-realization through Gnan Vidhi

Mahavideh
Name of a kshetra; Twenty Tirthankars currently exist there, deeming it the most sacred kshetra. A special world from where souls can attain final moksha through darshan of existing Tirthankars

Mahavir   
Victorious One

Mahavir Jayanti
Birth anniversary of Lord Mahavir

Mahavrat    
Major religious vows; Solemn vows; Five supreme vows; ahimsa-non-violence; satya-truth; achaurya-non-theft; aparigraha-non-acquisitiveness and brahmacharya-celibacy.

Maleen drashti   
Contaminated vision

Maliki bhaav
Intent or desire of ownership

Mamat
Insistence

Mamata   
Attachment; My-ness

Mamatva     
My-ness

Manah paryaya gnan     
Knowledge that can read all phases of the mind; Transcendental knowledge of the thought and feelings of others, occurring without the medium of physical senses; The energy to 'See' the phases of the mind; The inner energy of the Self to read the reflection of the thoughts of others

Manan      
Contemplation

Mangalam
Auspicious

Mangaldas (in Akram Science)
The non-Self complex of discharging mind-speech and act; (Generic name given by Dadashri in the three component divisions of 'I-the Self', 'Bavo-the middle one with beliefs and kashays' and 'Mangaldas-the physiological body complex)

Manobud   
Power of the mind; Energy to rise over the mind; Strong mind

Manodharma    
Functioning of the mind

Manohar  
Win over people's minds

Manoranjan  
Entertain the mind; Mental entertainment

Manoyoga    
Yoga of the mind; To become joined with the mind

Manoyogis
Those who practice how to calm the mind

Mantra  
Sacred invocation; Transcendental chant that soothes and purifies mind

Manushya
A human being

Manushya gati
Human life forms

Marajiyat  
Free will

Marg
Path

Mashkari    
Poking fun

Masti   
Elation; Worldly fun; Pleasure seeking behavior; Transient pleasure

Matagraha       
Obstinacy of viewpoint

Matagrahi
Obstinacy about one's own belief

Matandha    
Blindness for other viewpoints; Fixed in one's own viewpoint

Matbhed     
Division of Opinions; Separation due to differences in opinion; Divisiveness due to differences of opinions

Mathafod
Botheration (vexatious and unprofitable labor)

Matignan   
Knowledge through the medium of the senses and intellect; Intellect-based knowledge; Mind based or perceptual knowledge

Maun    
Silent

Maya 
Illusionary attachment; Attachment; Ignorance of the Self; Deceit; The illusion that deceives the Self

Mayashalya        
Mightiest thorn of illusion

Mayavi drashti   
Illusionary vision

Mijaj
Endless arrogance

Mishrachetan   
Mixture of the Self and matter; Mixture of the Self and the non-Self; The worldly self who is unaware of the Self

Mishra moha
Co-existence of a desire for Self-knowledge as well as a desire for the temporary objects of the world

Mishra mohaniya    
Mixed belief deluding

Mishrasa     
Mixed parmanus (indivisible particle of an atom)

Mithya
Wrong; Contrary to one's nature or belief; Perverted; False; Deluded

Mithya abhaas
Illusory impression

Mithyabhimaan      
False pride and false my-ness

Mithyabhimaani 
Person with false pride with my-ness

Mithya buddhi     
Wrong intellect

Mithya charitra  
Wrong conduct

Mithya darshan
Deluded world view; Wrong belief

Mithya drashti  
Deluded vision

Mithya gnan   
Wrong or Perverted knowledge; Wrong assessment of values

Mithyatva    
To believe the illusion as real; The belief, 'I am Chandulal'; Deluded belief

Mithyatva moha
Illusionary infatuation; Wrong belief

Mithyatva mohaniya   
Delusion; Wrong belief deluding

Mithyatvi   
One under illusion; Following the wrong path

Mitta    
Brief and to the point; Short and simple

Mobho
Status of respectability

Moha   
Attachment; Illusion; Infatuation due to illusion; Illusory attachment

Mohak  
Causes one to have moha -illusionary attachment

Mohamayi
Illusionary attractions

Mohandha
Blinded by infatuation; Blinded by lust

Mohaniya     
Deluding

Mohaniya karma   
Karma that is delusive and causes attachment; Karma of illusory attraction

Mohaniya parinam    
Expressing effects of deluding karma

Mohapass
Spell of illusory attachment

Moharrum
The first month of the Hijri era; The festival of martyrdom observed on the twelfth day of that month

Moksha   
Liberation; Liberation of the soul from the cycle of birth and death

Mokshadata purush   
The One who grants liberation

Moksha marg   
Path to liberation

Moksha swaroop
One living in a liberated state

Mooah      
Mortal; The one who is dying, this word used by Dadashri to alert a person; again, the classic Dada awakening term for the one who is destined to die; special exclamation used by Dadashri to shake up the listener

Mruduta  
Natural softness

Muda
Origin; Root; Base

Note: Mada - pride; Muda - original; Mudd - impurity;
English Mud - dirt; rubbish

Muda chetana   
The Self

Muda swaroop
Absolute Self form

Muda vision
Original vision

Mudd
Impurity

Note: Mada - pride; Muda - original; Mudd - impurity;
English Mud - dirt; rubbish

Mudhatma
Deluded self ('I am Chandulal'); Unaware ofreality; Not awakened to the Self

Mudra
Posture

Muhpati    
Cloth that covers the nose and the mouth in order to practice ahimsa, some Jain priests cover their nose and mouth with a cloth to prevent inadvertent inhalation of small insects

Mukta
Free

Mukta hasya
A smile that radiates with liberation; Liberating laughter; The smile and laughter of the liberated One

Mukta Purush
The liberated One

Mukti    
Freedom; Liberation from the cycle of birth and death

Muktidham
Abode of freedom

Mukti-fada
Liberation as a fruit

Muktipanu 
State of Liberation

Mumukshu
One who desires to attain moksha; Spiritual aspirant; Seeker of Liberation

Mun
Mind

Munbhed 
Division of minds

Mund   
Controllable

Muni
Mendicant; Sage; Saint; Sadhu

Murchha 
Infatuation; Deluded state; Attraction

Murchhit   
Deluded; Unaware spiritually

Murta
Tangible; Anything with the form

Murti   
Idol

Murti dhama  
Idol worship

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N

Naadar
Bankrupt; Without any merit

Naam   
Name

Naam karma
Name form determining karma

Nabhi pradesh  
Navel region

Naffat 
Shameless

Naguno    
Has no qualities

Naimitik     
Instrumental; Apparent doer

Naishthik achaurya  
Inner intent of non-stealing

Naishthik brahmacharya  
Constant inner intent of devotion and sincerity towards celibacy; Inner intent of celibacy

Najar     
Chit casts the lingering hook

Najar laagi
Chit will get attracted there (food or thing) and lingers there

Nalaayak
Unworthy

Namaskar
Obeisance; Bow with reverence; Homage

Namrata     
Humility

Nanami   
Death

Napunsak       
Bisexual; Hermaphroditic

Nar 
Ordinary human being

Narak
Hell; Infernal region

Narayan    
God

Nark gati 
Life in hell

Naseeb   
Luck

Natakiya
Dramatic

Navkar Mantra 
Namokar mantra, the first part of the trimantra

Naya
A point of view; Philosophical standpoint

Nekee
Honesty

Neti
A Sanskrut word, meaning 'not this'

Nidaan
To diagnose

Niddidhyasan   
Contemplation; Visualization

Nigam gnan    
The Vedas; The scriptural knowledge                  

Nigod  
The lowest form of life; A class of infinitesimal, imperceptible dormant beings awaking from apathy and starting spiritual evolution, to replace the liberated being.

Nihshank   
Suspicion-less state; Doubt-free

Nihshank drashti
That he sees the world without any fault

Nihshankta 
Completely suspicion-less

Nijdosh    
One's own fault

Nijvrutti 
Tendencies that of the Self

Nikachit  
Heavy and 'sticky'

Nikachit karma
Heavy and 'sticky' karma that one has no choice but suffer its effect

Nikali       
Discharge

Nikali kashays     
Those which do not create new kashay

Nikshep
The different ways of putting a thing; Abandonment; Linguistic analysis

Nilkantha
Refers to the blue neck of Lord Shiva who could swallow all the poisons of the world; the one who does not retaliate under any circumstance

Nimit  
One who becomes instrumental in a process; Apparent doer; A living or non-living instrumental evidence in unfolding karma effect; Evidentiary instrument

Ninda
Backbiting; Criticize negatively

Niradhar
Support-less; Having no support

Niragi   
Disinterested; Without attachment

Niragrahi    
Free from all insistence; Non-insisting

Nirahaari
The non-eater

Nirahamkar    
Egoless

Nirahamkari    
Egoless

Nirakar 
Shapeless

Nirakud anand 
Bliss of a state beyond easiness and uneasiness

Nirakudata
State of bliss; Bliss of the Self; The state beyond all suffering; Absolute easiness

Niralumb    
Independent

Niranjan
Free of karmas; No worldly thing can attach to it or bind it

Nirant
At ease

Niraparadhi   
Without mistakes

Nirashrit   
Non-dependant; Independent; Without shelter or support; Unprotected

Nirbadata
Weakness

Nirbhayata  
Fearlessness

Nirdosh  
Without mistakes; Faultless; Flawless

Nirdoshata 
Attribute of faultlessness; Freedom from mistakes

Nirgranth    
Free from tubers of kashay and vishay

Nirguna  
The state in which there is no attribute of the prakruti (the non-Self complex); Without attributes

Nirichchhak
Desire-free state

Nirikshan  
Closely 'seeing'; Studying with critical vision

Nirindriya      
Without sensory input

Nirjara    
Discharge of karma

Nirjiva    
Non-living; Lifeless

Nirjiva ahamkar   
Lifeless ego

Nirlep
Untouched; Absolutely unaffected; Without any coverings or tendency to adhere to any Karmas

Nirmaani    
Without pride; The ego of being pride less

Nirmal (Nirmad)
Pure; Clear

Nirmalya       
Weak and ineffective

Nirmohi     
The ego of being without attraction or infatuation; One free from illusory attachment

Nirnaya
Decision; Determination

Nirpeksha   
Free from all expectations

Nirvana
Final liberation; The final death of an enlightened human being followed immediately by moksha; Freedom from bondage of the worldly existence

Nirvana bhumi
The place at which a Tirthankar attained nirvana

Nirvasnik
The one who is desire-free; Desire-less

Nirveda
Absence of worldly desires or passions; To be detached from worldliness

Nirvichaar dasha
Without thoughts; To 'see' the thoughts by remaining in the state of the Self

Nirvikalp   
The state of bliss; State without of any 'I-ness' or 'My-ness'; In Dadashri's Language, 'I am the body' idea, 'I am Chandulal' is vikalp. 'I am Shuddhatma', is nirvikalp.

Nirvikalpi
Egoless; The Self

Nirvikalp samadhi   
Bliss of the absolute; unaffected state; the Self; One where the body and the Self remain completely separate, they never become one under any circumstances.

Nirvikari
Free from all passions

Nirvirya
Lacking the energy of the Self

Nirvishayi  
Free from all impulses of sexuality in mind, speech and body; Untainted or untouched by any object of sense-pleasure

Nirvishayi vishay   
Object for enjoyment rather than a necessity

Nirvishesh    
Devoid of any adjectives

Nisangata
There is a state of nonattachment in the presence of all attachments

Nischay
The Self and its realm; Related to the Self; Decision; Firm resolution; Unflinching determination

Nischay bhashi   
Talker about the Soul

Nischay charitra 
Real conduct

Nischay gnan
Knowledge of the Self

Nischetan  
Non-living

Nischetan chetan   
Lifeless living element; Inanimate consciousness

Nischetan kriya
Non-living actions

Nishkaam  
Without expectation of rewards

Nishkaam karma
Actions without expectations

Nishkaran karuna
Compassion of the Gnani Purush for us that has no 'personal gain' no agenda behind it; Its only 'reason' and 'purpose' is to take us to our Ultimate Freedom, or Moksha

Nishpakshpati    
One who is impartial

Nishthapurvak
With a firm determination

Nispruha  
Abhorrent towards worldly life; Without any inclination towards needs, or desire, of any material things of this world; Uninterested; Disinclined

Nispruhi    
Desire less; Non-acquisitive; Abhorrent towards worldly life

Nitya
Permanent; Eternal; Unchanging

Nivedo  
Settles the mistake for once and all; Ultimate closure

Nivruti
Completion; Contentment; Happiness

Niyam 
Rules; Discipline; Activity in accordance with resolve; Restraint of mind

Niyamit
Regular

Niyamraj
Natural law

Niyanu  
Firm inner resolution; A phenomenon where one's deep inner intent to acquire something is so strong that all his merit karmas are expended towards acquiring only that

Niyati    
A natural progression of evolution of a soul; The flow of progress of all embodied souls

Niyativaad
The theory of destiny

Nokarma   
Neutral discharging karmas; Gross discharging karma

Nondha    
Intense mental note

Noor  
Aura of brilliance; Luster

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O

Oograta
Turbulence

Ooplak
Remainder

P

Paap 
Demerit karma; Sin; Wrongdoing

Paapanubandhi paap  
Current demerit karma that creates new demerit karma

Paapanubandhi punya  
Current merit karma that creates new demerit karma; In the process of enjoying all the comforts due to merit karma, a new demerit karma is bound

Paapi    
Sinner

Paarinamic bhaav 
Knower-seer; The state of the Self changes by staying in the nature of the Self (does not need evidences)

Paas
Aroma; paas - the effect of contact or company

Paasro  
Straightened up

Pacchakhaan 
Making a firm decision

Pad
Status; Also means Spiritual hymn

Padakmanu 
Jain ritual of doing pratikraman

Padmaasan   
Cross-legged sitting posture

Padmini
Pure Indian women of ancient times with a lotus-like physic 

Pados
Spiritual songs about Dada's Gnan

Paduka
Footwear

Pakkad      
Insistence; Unyielding obstinacy; Unyielding willfulness; Inner pull

Pakshapaat   
Partiality

Pakshik pratikraman
Fortnightly pratikraman

Panchamrut
A mixture of milk, yogurt, honey, sugar and pure ghee (clarified butter)

Panchat    
Intellectual interference

Panchayat 
Five respected village elders that adjudicate

Panchendriya  
Five-sensed (touch, taste, smell, sight and hearing)

Panchmahavratdhari  
Follower of the five great vows

Panch Parmeshti    
Five stages of enlightenment after Self-realization (Arihant, Siddha, Acharya, Upadhyaya and Sadhu)

Pandit 
Intellectual scholar; A man well-versed in scriptures

Pantha
Path; Congregation; Following

Papsthanak
Stages of sins

Par     
Of the non-Self

Par-aashrit (Parashrit)
Dependent on other factors and evidences

Paradhin   
Dependent on the non-Self interaction; Under the influence of the non-Self; Under the control of some other power- the power being vyavasthit
 
Parakram   
Extraordinary spiritual effort

Param
Supreme; Absolute

Paramdham
Most auspicious location; Absolute abode

Paramguru 
Absolute guru

Paramhansa   
One who separates the Self from the non-Self; The 'supreme swan', a symbol of the highest spiritual accomplishment

Param Jyoti    
Absolute light, when the Knowledge and Vision of the Soul - (atma-gnan and atma-darshan), become Absolute

Parampad
Absolute state; Moksha

Param Pujya   
The absolutely revered

Param sat
Ultimate truth; Atma; Ultimate Knowledge

Param sukh    
Eternal infinite bliss; Bliss of the absolute Self

Param vinaya    
Absolute humility

Param vinayata  
State of absolute humility

Parapurva  
Ancient; Traditional

Paravalumbi 
Dependant on other factors

Paravidya
Supreme knowledge; It is knowledge that is beyond the ordinary

Par-bhaav
Being the non-Self

Par-dharma
The nature of the non-Self

Par-dravya  
In the state of the non-Self

Parichaya
Acquaintance; Familiarity

Parigraha  
Attachment to things and acquisitiveness; Acquisitiveness; Possessiveness; That what takes one away from the Self

Parinam   
Internal result and state; Effect; Consequence; Transformation; Change

Parinamic drashti  
Resultant vision (needs evidence to see the result)

Parinati   
Internal state; Being in the state

Parishah   
Internally induced suffering; Afflictions; Suffering or trouble

Parivartan
Change
Dravya parivartan = change of material clusters
Bhav parivartan = change of realms of birth
Kshetra parivartan = change of space units
Bhaav parivartan = change of state of the soul
Kaal parivartan = change of time units

Par-kshetra  
The non-Self location

Parku   
Alien

Parmanand (Param anand)
Permanent bliss; Eternal bliss

Parmanandi
The One whose bliss is eternal

Parmanus  
Subatomic particles; Subatomic particles that cannot be further divided; The substrate of karmas effect; Indivisible particle of an atom

Parmartha  
Higher good; Ultimate aim; Absolute meaning; Ultimate meaning

Parmartha muda vyavahar
The original worldly interaction for attaining the Self

Parmartha samkit   (same as Kshayak samkit)
Permanent attainment of 'I am the Soul'; Permanent conviction of the right belief, 'I am pure Soul'; Continuous link of the right belief

Parmarthik  
The Absolute; That which benefits all

Parmatma
Absolute Self; Supreme Lord or the Supreme Soul

Parmatma Dasha   
The state of the Fully Enlightened One;The immortal state of Supreme Reality

Parmatma-pad     
Supreme state of the Self

Parmatma sukh
Bliss of the absolute Self

Parmatma yoga
Union with the supreme Self

Parmeshwar
The Supreme Being

Parninda
Speaking ill of others

Paroksh  
Indirect

Paroksha bhakti
Indirect worship

Par-parinam
Effect of the non-Self

Par-parinati    
State of the non-Self

Par-prakashak 
Illuminates only the non-Self

Par-ramanata  
Delving into the non-Self

Par-samaya  
Absorption in the non-Self substances or circumstances

Par-satta
Influence of other forces; Domain of the non-Self

Partantra
Dependent

Parvashta
Dependency

Paryant
Till

Paryaya   
The minutest or the subtle most part of a phase; Modes or states

Paryushan   
Most important Jain religious observance of the year. This is a time of intensive study, reflection and purification.

Pashavata   
Bestiality; Animalistic

Patrata     
Spiritual readiness

Paudgalik
Physical and of the non-Self; Relative worldly

Pida   
Pain

Pinjan
Rigmarole - long tedious talking back and forth

Pitaamber
Yellow silken garment

Pitta
Bilious; One of the three Ayurvedic components of the non-Self (prakruti)

Pol
Deception and insincerity

Polumpol    
Hollow; Without substance; Imprecision

Ponk      
Rare grill roasted millet

Poodo    
Haystack

Pooniyo   
Wicks for oil lamps

Potapanu
'I-ness'; Last trace of egoism, 'I-ness'; Subtlest of egoism (potapanu-­­-the last residual trace of 'I am this body')

Potey (In Akram)
The awakened Self (awakened and aware after the Gnan Vidhi)

Prabada
Associated with super strength or energy

Prabhav    
Aura of one's presence and influence

Prabhavshadi  
Charismatic and inspiring person; Spiritually energizing person

Prabhu
Manifested form; God

Pradesh   
Region

Pragat     
Manifest; Present

Pragnya bhaav
That which leads towards the Self

Pragnyanbrahma
Self-realized

Pragnyashakti    
Direct light of the Self; Energy of the Self that is awakened within upon Self-realization and leads one to ultimate liberation

Prakash   
Light

Prakrut
The non-Self

Prakrut dharma
Religion of the non-Self or the relative self

Prakrut gnan  
Relative knowledge

Prakruti     
Mind-speech-body complex; The relative self; The innate nature of one's relative self that is, the non-Self complex; Inherent characteristic traits

Prakrutik gunas  
Virtues and attributes of the relative self

Prakshal   
Ceremonious bathing

Pralaya
End; Destruction; Dissolution
Pramad  
Sloth and dullness; Spiritual laziness; Lack of awareness; Sheer spiritual
apathy

Praman   
True knowledge; That which understands something from all aspects; Proportion; Quantity level

Pran     
Life force

Pranayam  
Yoga of breathing techniques

Prani   
Beings that depend on breath to live

Pran-pratishtha   
Instilling life in an idol; Consecration of idols; Instillation of God in an idol; Ceremonious installation of an idol

Prapta
Now; Present in front of you

Prapta tapa
Penance that has presented itself

Prarabdha
The effect of past karma; Fate; Destiny; All the unfolding karma effects in this life

Prarupana   
Propound

Prasad  
Food offered to God; Auspicious offering of food

Prasavdharmi
Productive by nature; That which tends to proliferate

Prashasta moha  
Praiseworthy and the best kind of illusory attachment

Prashasta raag
Real attachment; Attachment that will lead to liberation

Prashchyataap   
Repentance; Remorse; Sincere regrets

Pratap
Energy and brilliance; Impressive 'heat'; Silent aura of sternness and purity

Pratibandh
Hindrance

Pratibhav  
Retaliating

Pratignya
Vow; Solemn promise; Absolute sincerity; The inviolate decision to follow the Agna

Pratikraman  
Alochana: confession of one's mistake, pratikraman: asking for forgiveness, and pratyakhyan: firm resolve and determination never to repeat the mistake, and asking for the energy for the same; Asking for forgiveness; three step process of reversal from aggression through thought, speech and action; Apology coupled with repentance; The process of recalling, repenting and asking for forgiveness with the avowal to not repeat the act of aggression through thoughts, speech or action, as shown by the Gnani Purush Dadashri; Apology to the pure Soul of one you have 'hurt' coupled with the remorse of any wrongdoing; To recall the hurt caused, repent for it and resolve to not repeat it.

Pratikud   
Unfavorable

Pratipakshi-bhaav
A hostile inner intent; Contrary

Pratishtha
Instillation of life; To instill the life force into the non-Self

Pratishthit atma  
Relative self; The self that has wrong beliefs; False projection of one's identity, the relative self, the belief, 'I am Chandulal'; Relative or charged self; Energized non-Self complex of thoughts, speech and acts; Discharge ego

Pratiti     
Conviction

Pratyahaar  
Withdrawing all the senses from their objects and make them steady in one place; Self (relative self)-restraint

Pratyakhyan   
Resolve never to repeat the mistake and asking for the energies for this; Sincere pledge of never repeating the mistake; Vow never to repeat the mistake

Pratyakhyan avaran   
A veil that remains due to the need to continue pratyakhyan

Pratyakhyani kashays
Faults for which pratyakhyan i.e. the resolve to never repeat the mistakes are on going

Pratyaksh  
Direct; Living; Directly in front of you; Present

Pravachan   
Discourse

Prayog   
Experiment

Prayogsha  
Charging atoms (experiment stage); Processed stage

Prem Atma  
Embodiment of love; Soul of pure love

Prem swaroop    
Embodiment of love

Prerana     
Inspiration

Preta
Devil

Prit  
Pleasant to the listener

Priya  
Pleasing and agreeable

Pruthvikayik
Earth-bodied

Pudgal   
Non-Self complex; Non-Self complex of input and output

Pudgal bhaav
Intent of the non-Self

Pudaglik  
Integrating and disintegrating through intake and output

Pudgal parmanus
Smallest part of matter

Pudgal paryaya  
Phases of the non-Self

Pudgal ramanata
Delving into the non-Self

Pudgalsaar
Essence of body complex

Pudgal swabhav
Non-Self nature

Puja
Act of worship or adoration; Ritual and prayer offered at home or temple; Offering flowers, applying sandal-wood paste etc.

Pujaniya
Venerable

Pujari   
One who officiates worship to God in a temple

Pujavani kaamna 
Intense craving to be worshipped

Pujavu    
Worshipped

Pujya   
Worthy of worship

Punarjanam  
Rebirth; Previous births

Punya      
Merit karma

Punyanubandhi paap 
Current demerit karma causing new merit karma

Punyanubandhi punya 
Merit karma which binds more merit karma; Causing new merit karma while enjoying the fruits of past merit karma

Punyashadi 
One with merit karma; Fortunate one; One with meritorious karmas

Puran  
Charge; Influx; Intake; Causes

Puran-galan  
Input-output; Charge-discharge; Influx-out flux

Purna  
Absolute; Perfect; Complete; Full

Purnahuti
Completion

Purnapad  
Absolute state

Purnatva   
The state of being complete; Liberation

Purush
Those who are spiritually enlightened; The Self; Self-realized person

Purusharth  
Real spiritual effort; Independent spiritual endeavor; Real spiritual endeavor; Pure Self-oriented efforts; Effort of awakened awareness

Purusharth dharma 
Making efforts for going towards the Self

Purva
Previous; Past; Earlier

Purvagraha     
Previously held opinions; Prejudice; Bias

Purvakarma
Karma from past life

Putadu      
Physical body; Live idol; The five sensed formed complex

Q

R

Raag    
Attachment

Raag-dwesh
Attachment and abhorrence or aversion

Raas-leela  
Joyful dancing

Rachana
Creation

Raghavaat
Harried and hurried

Raghavaaya
Stressed and hassled

Rajas  
Passion; Desires; That which incites passion and activity

Rajipo  
Pleasing the Gnani

Rajyoga
Concentration of the mind

Rakshan  
Protection

Ram
Incarnation of the Lord; A model for the Real amidst the Relatives; Son of King Dashrath; married to Sita, conquered Ravan of Lanka; An ideal Ruler; received the knowledge of the Self from sage Vashishtha.

Ramanata
Absorption; Inner attention; Dwell

Ramaraj 
Parmanand, like it used to be in the courts of Lord Rama.

Rasa  
Interest and degree of intensity

Rasam
Practice

Ratri-bhojan
Eating at night

Raudra
Oppressive; Inflicting pain on others

Raudradhyan    
Adverse internal meditation that hurts the self and others

Rayshi     
Early morning pratikraman

Riddhis
Supernatural powers

Risad   
The one that gets upset and non-communicative

Risavu      
Upset and non-communicative; Sulking

Rof            
Self-importance; Air of arrogance

Roonanubandha  
Bondage created due to attachment-abhorrence in previous life; Past karmic ties; Interaction due to the subtle bond of past life deeds

Roonanubandhi   
Karmically connected

Roop
Outward appearance

Roopi
Formed; Substance that has appearance, color, smell and touch

Roopi tattva   
The visible element

Rotli     
Flat bread

Ruchi  
Propensity; Desire and hunger of sexual nature; Longing and hunger

Rujuta
Natural frankness

Rupak  
That which comes into a concrete existence

Rushimunis    
Sages with great spiritual power and saints

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S

Saadar
Wealthy

Saan
Sense

Saatvik   
Good and worthy; Virtuous

Saatvikta  
Guna of prakruti which is encouraged

Sacchidanand swaroop
The bliss of the state of pure Chit, where the Chit remains forever focused on the eternal.

Sachar    
Mobile; Changing

Sacharachar 
Mobile-still

Sachetan 
Animate

Sadeh
With body

Sadguna
Virtue

Sadguru
True guru; The ultimate guru

Sadhar   
Support of the Self

Sadhak 
Spiritual aspirant

Sadhan    
Tools or means such as scriptures, rituals, chants, penance, fasting, spiritual masters, satsang, etc.

Sadhana  
Spiritual endeavor; Undergoing self-discipline for spiritual development; Spiritual practice; Efforts of activity necessary to achieve or accomplish a goal

Sadhus        
Those who live and strive for only the state of the Self; Ascetics; Monks

Sadhvijis   
Jain nuns; Female ascetics

Sadhya
The ultimate goal; The Self

Sadshastra      
Right scriptures

Sadvivek   
Right discretion

Sadvyavahar  
Right worldly interaction

Sahadhyayi 
Fellow spiritual colleague

Sahaj         
Natural and spontaneous

Sahaj anand
Natural eternal bliss

Sahajata
Naturalness

Sahajatmaswaroop 
Natural state of the Self

Sahajatmaswaroop paramguru  
The natural Self is the absolute guru

Sahajikata
Spontaneity and naturalness

Sahaj kshama  
Natural and spontaneous forgiveness

Sahelo  
Easy

Saint
Sant purush

Saiyam   
One who remains unaffected; One is without kashay (anger-pride-deceit-greed); Control of the kashay (anger, pride, deceit and greed); Absence of raag-dwesh (attachment-abhorrence); Control and calm; Meaning a state without inner anger, pride, deceit or greed (kashays)

Saiyami     
Person in control of his kashays

Saiyam parinam   
Absence of kashay reaction

Saiyog 
Circumstance

Sajiva  
Live

Sajivan murti  
Living incarnate; Great soul in human form

Sajjan Purush   
Decent person

Sakaam   
With expectation of rewards

Sakaar    
Physical form; Having form

Sakaam karmas
Action with expectation of its rewards

Sakshatkar
Manifests as the Self; Direct experience of the Self

Sakshibhaav 
Being a witness; Witnessing state

Salakha purush
The most exalted amongst human beings, They are 24 Tirthankars, 12 Chakravartis (Sovereign Kings), 9 Vasudevas, 9 Baldev and 9 Prativasudevas. Human beings with extraordinary, super human energies and accomplishments

Samaarambha
Is karma of both the mind and the speech

Samadhan   
Closure and inner satisfaction; Mutually satisfactory solution

Samadhan vrutti  
The inclination for satisfactory closure

Samadhi
State of being unaffected despite all external turmoil and maintaining oneness with the pure Self; Blissful state; State of the Self which is free from any effects of mental, physical or externally induced pain; The state in which no situation in the relative world affects the inner bliss

Samadhi maran  
Blissful death where one is in the awareness of the Self

Samaj    
Understanding

Samarpan   
True surrender; Total surrender

Samata
Equanimity; Absolute sameness

Sama-trushna   
Equanimity amidst desire

Samaya   
The smallest division of time; Smallest indivisible time unit; Time's smallest measure; The minutest fraction of time which cannot be divided further

Samayik   
To be the Self and to 'see' the self; Introspection meditations on errors committed; Introspection process for a specific time when one remains the Self and in introspection sees the non-Self evidences; Focused application of the light of the Self during introspective meditation

Samaysaar    
Essence of time

Samayvarti     
Prevailing in the alertness of the smallest fraction of time

Sambhav           
Without attachment or abhorrence; Equanimity       

Sambhave nikal  
Settling the file with equanimity

Sambhavi   
Path of equanimity

Samdrashti
Equal vision

Samipyabhaav  
Close proximity

Samjan 
Understanding

Samkit
Enlightened; Right belief; Right understanding; Right vision

Samkit bud  
Energy of the Self-realized (Gnan)

Samkitdhaari   
The one who has attained right view-vision-belief

Samkit drashti   
Enlightened vision

Samkit jiva 
An enlightened being

Samkit moha
An ardent desire to know the Self along with a conviction that is the only reality

Sampurna
Complete; Full

Sampurna arpanta
Absolute surrender

Samrambha      
That is the first karma, it is considered a mental karma

Samsaran    
Constantly changing or evolving; Evolutionary

Samsaran marg
Path of Spiritual Evolution, starting from the entry of a Jiva (sentient being)
in Vyavahar (interactive life state) rashi from Nigod (dormant state of
Apathy), ending with Liberation; Naturally evolving life forms in the world

Samucchaya karan     
Collective causes

Samuhik pratikraman  
Collective pratikraman

Samvaad
Agreement

Samvar    
Blockage against an inflow of new karmic matter; A state free from inflow of new karma; The stoppage influx of karmic subatomic particles

Samvatsari       
Annual holy day when Jains repent for all their wrongdoings through the year

Samvatsari pratikraman
Once a year pratikraman; Yearly pratikraman

Samyak  
Enlightened; Right

Samyak aachar
Right worldly conduct

Samyak buddhi  
Enlightened intellect

Samyak charitra  
Right or enlightened conduct

Samyak darshan
Enlightened view; Right vision

Samyak drashti
Right vision

Samyak Gnan   
Right or enlightened knowledge

Samyak kriyas
Activity of mind, speech and body that help others

Samyaktva
Enlightened world view

Samyaktva mohaniya
Right perception deluding

Samyak vani  
Right speech; Enlightened speech

Sanatan
Permanent; From the time immemorial; Without a beginning or an end

Sanatan sukh
Eternal bliss

Sanchaar
Motion in balance

Sanchit
Stored; Accumulated

Sanchit karma    
Effect karma; Accumulated karmas from the past life

Sandeha    
Dubious; Doubtful

Sang
Company

Sangh
Community; Association and in the company of

Sangharshan 
Reactive clash

Sangh bud   
Collective energy of the company of other human beings; Energy of a group with an aim

Sanghpati 
Administrative head of a religious organization

Sangmeshwar Bhagwan  
One (the Lord) accepted by all religions

Sangnya    
An association; Influence

Sanidhya   
Presence; Nearness; Proximity; To be together; Very close to

Sankalan
Compilation; Collection

Sankalp    
My-ness

Sankalpi chetan  
Life is attached to it due to the projection of ownership by Chandubhai - in whom there is life.

Sanket    
Expression 

Sansar    
Worldly life; The cycle of birth and death; Empirical existence

Sansari    
Involved in mundane worldly life; People living worldly life

Sansari dharma   
Worldly religion (religions that focus on the physical body and its actions, religions of the non-Self)

Sansari swabhav  
Tendency to be worldly

Sanskar  
Innate tendencies; Nature or past karma effects; Effects of karma caused in past life; Cultural values

Sansthan-vichaya     
The fourth pillar of dharmadhyan

Sansthapit
Firmly established

Santaap    
Serious torment

Santosh    
Satisfaction

Sanyasis  
Monks; Renunciates

Sanyast    
Self-realized

Sapeksha
Expectations; Relative; Dependent

Sarad (Saral)
Straight-forward; Simple

Saradata   
Straight-forwardness

Saraswati
Goddess of speech

Saravani
Ceremony performed on the thirteenth day after a person's death

Sarjak shakti   
Creative energy

Sarvadarshi
All intuiting; One with complete vision

Sarvagnya
Omniscient One, Knower of all elements­

Sarva samadhani Gnan
Knowledge that resolves all conflicts with equanimity

Sarvavyapi
Omnipresent

Sarvotkrushta
Sarva (all) + utkrushta (the highest) = the highest of all; Most excellent; Topmost

Saspruha   
With inclination

Sat
The absolute truth; Eternal; The Self

Satdev
Eternal god

Satdharma 
True religion

Sati
Widow who chooses to self-immolate on her husband's funeral pyre

Satkarmi    
Fortunate one

Sat purush 
Self-realized person; Enlightened being; The Gnani

Satsang  
Company of the Self and that which leads to the Self; Gathering of Self-realized beings; Company of those who promote the attainment of the Self

Satta   
Power; Domain; Authority and realm

Sattva   
Goodness; Virtue; Strength

Satya
Truth

Satyagraha   
Insistence on what one believes to be the truth

Satyug
Time cycle of purity in thoughts, speech and actions; Time cycle of unity in mind, speech and actions; The first of the Four Ages, characterized by virtue, wisdom, happiness and morality, according to the Hindu Mythology
Saumyata

'Heat' of the soothing coolness; The ever present aura of cool harmony.

Self-realization  
A state of the experience of the Self (God) within one and all beings in the Universe

Seva  
Service

Sevak 
Devotee

Shaashan dev-devi   
Reigning and Protecting Gods and Goddesses

Shabdaarth
Literal meaning of a word

Shaivaites
Those who follow the religion of Lord Shiva

Shakti    
Energy; Power

Shaktipat   
Transfer of energy

Shaktivant    
Filled with energy

Shalya
Internal torments

Shanka   
Doubts; Suspicion

Shankar
Lord Shiva

Shankashil    
Suspicion-laden

Shanti  
Peace

Sharanagati  
Surrendering

Sharira
Body

Shariri
Dweller in the body

Shastra  
Scripture

Shastrakar
The one who relies on and preach through scriptures

Shata
Pleasure; Comfortable and pleasant

Shata-ashata vedaniya
Pain-pleasure experience

Shatashilia
Comfort and pleasure seeking

Shata vedaniya    
Experience of pleasure

Sheel
Inner strength of the Self, the state of being free from any kashay-anger, pride, deceit and greed, and being free from vishay-sexuality in any manner; Highest inner quality; Moral conduct

Sheelvan   
A person in whom inner energies have fully expressed, a morally pure person; Highest moral integrity; A morally pure person, holder of great inner energies of the Self expressing in the relative realm

Shibir
Camp; Retreat

Shishoo
Lead

Shishya
Disciple

Shiva 
Liberated being; The Self

Shivatma
A Self-realized one

Shood  
Splinters

Shooraatan
Fearlessness; Bravery; Heroism

Shouriya
Energy; Bravery

Shraddha 
Faith and belief

Shraddheya  
One in whom the faith becomes established naturally

Shraman    
Sadhu; Muni; Monk

Shravak
Devout follower

Shravan
To listen

Shree (Shri)
An attribute, showing reverence and beatitude

Shree Simandhar Swami
Tirthankar Bhagwan traversing at present in   Mahavideh Kshetra; Current Arihant

Shreni
The long path or steps towards liberation; Progression

Shrenik   
King of Magadha who was a great follower of Lord Mahavir and lived in the same period

Shreshthi   
Man of highest quality

Shrikhand 
Dessert made from yogurt

Shrota  
Listener

Shruta
Scriptural cognition

Shrutagnan   
Knowledge meant to be heard; Spoken knowledge; Scriptural or literate knowledge received through hearing; Scriptural or verbal knowledge; Articulate knowledge; Knowledge derived from instruction and reasoning

Shubha      
Auspicious; Good

Shubha-ashubha
Auspicious and inauspicious; Good and bad

Shubha charitra
Good conduct

Shubha dharma  
Auspicious religion

Shubhadhyan   
Auspicious meditation

Shubha upayog  
Auspicious awareness of the self; Auspicious use

Shuddha     
Pure; Perfectly pure

Shuddha chetan 
Pure consciousness; The Self

Shuddha dharma   
Pure religion

Shuddha gnan   
Pure knowledge

Shuddha prem swaroop
Embodiment of pure love

Shuddhata  
Purity

Shuddhatma
Pure Soul

Shuddha upayog      
Pure applied awareness of the Self

Shuddha vyavahar
Pure worldly interaction

Shuddhi
Purification; Purity

Shuddhikaran
The process of internal purification

Shudra
The working class

Shukladhyan  
Constant awareness as the Self; Meditation as the Self, 'I am Shuddhatma-pure Soul'

Shunyata
Absolute stillness; State of zero

Shushkagnan   
That knowledge, which does not produce any spiritual results; Worldly or verbal knowledge

Shushupti
The states of dreamless sleep in which distinctions between the knower and the known are abolished

Siddha
That which leads to the Self without any controversy

Siddha Bhagwants  
Absolutely enlightened Ones without a body

Siddha Gati   
Abode of the Absolute liberated Souls

Siddha Kshetra
Location at the crest of the universe where all absolutely liberated Souls ultimately reside

Siddha lok
The permanent abode of the Siddha

Siddhant    
Ultimate incontrovertible principle which brings the final result; Doctrine; The incontrovertible principle that accomplishes the ultimate goal

Siddhas  
Accomplished Lords, fully enlightened and in the bodiless state; The one who has achieved complete liberation from cycles of births and now is free.

Siddhi   
Special spiritual power and energy; Supernatural powers which one acquires as a result of spiritual practice

Smaran       
To come in memory; Recollection

Smruti    
Memory; Recollection

Sohum    
The affirmation 'I am that'

Soocharan
The feet of the Gnani. This is the only place where ego is dissolved. There is no other way or place to dissolve the ego. Holy feet…. The place that represents surrender

Sooj   
Insight; Intuition

Sookshma    
Subtle

Sookshma saiyog
Subtle circumstance

Sookshma sharira   
Subtle body

Sookshmatam  
Subtlest

Sookshmatar 
Subtler

Spandan
Vibration

Spardha  
Competition

Sparsha
Touch

Spashta
Distinct; Clear; Evident

Spashta vedan    
Clear direct experience; Total clear experience of the Self

Spashtikaran
Clarification; Explanation

Sphuraayaman
Pragat; Manifest

Spruha
Acquisitiveness; Inclination; No inner or outer inclination

Sthanakvasi     
Name of a Jain sect whose members do not worship in temples

Sthapana
Establishment of the one to be worshipped (living or idol)

Sthir   
Still; Steady

Sthirata    
Stillness; Steadiness

Sthita-agnya
State of ignorance

Sthita-pragnya
Perfect balance of mind; One established in spiritual wisdom; The Sage of steady wisdom; Maintaining perfect stillness of the mind with the right intellect - samyak buddhi - this is with ego

Sthiti sahayak tattva  
Element of inertia

Sthool 
Gross; Tangible; Physical; Apparent

Sthool saiyog  
Gross circumstance

Sudarshan  
Right vision

Sugam  
Without any effort

Sukh   
Pleasure; Happiness

Sukh buddhi   
Intellectual belief that happiness and pleasure reside in that which is gained through the five senses

Sushamkaal
Past era of time cycle where there was unity in thoughts, speech and acts

Sutras
Aphorisms; Concise statement that usually requires a commentary for understanding

Svastha 
Tranquil

Swa 
Self

Swa-aashrit
Have control over

Swabhav 
Inherent state; Natural state; Nature of the Self; Intrinsic nature

Swabhav-bhaav    
Own state of the Self

Swabhavik  
Naturally

Swabhavik sahaj sukh
Swabhavik - of the Self; sahaj - natural; sukh - bliss

Swachhand
To act according to self-guided will and intellect; Guided by one's own whim and intellect; Following one's own intellect in spiritual matters

Swad
Taste

Swa-dharma     
Religion of the Self

Swadhin  
State of the Self

Swadhyaya
Study of the Self; Study of one's own Self

Swakshetra  
Place of the Self

Swamaan
Self-respect

Swanubhav
Experiencing one's own Self

Swa-par   
TheSelf - the non-Self

Swa-parakram   
Pure Self oriented extraordinary effort

Swa-parinati
Awareness as the Self

Swa-par prakashak
The Self has the quality that illuminates both the non-Self as well as the Self

Swaprashansa    
Compliment

Swa-purusharth
Effort related to Self only

Swarg  
Heaven

Swaroop 
Self form state; Real form

Swaroop Gnan
Knowledge of the Self

Swaroop ni ramanata
Constant absorption in the qualities of the Self

Swarth  
Selfishness in worldly language; For the Self only (In the Gnani's language)

Swa-samaya    
Shuddhatma; Incessant identification with the pure Self; The time of and with the Self

Swa-samvedan
Bliss of the Self

Swa-samvedan shakti  
Energy and power of the bliss of the Self

Swa satta       
The realm of the Self; Domain of the real Self

Swatantra
Independent; Free; The state of freedom

Swavalumbi 
Dependent on the Self

Swa-virya
Energies of the Self

Swayam sanchalit   
Everything happening by itself

Swetambar       
Jain sect that believes in idol worship and rituals and visit derasar

Syadvaad  
Principle whereby you hurt no one's beliefs or viewpoint through your mind, speech and action; That which is accepted by all and one that does not offend anyone's viewpoint; That which is accepting of, and acceptable to all Syadvaad speech that does not hurt the ego of any living being; Universally acceptable speech

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T

Taap
The energy of the one without kashaywhich impresses and awes others

Taaran 
Exact conclusion; A quick internal assessment; The bottom line of any situations

Tadaakar    
Become the shape and form of the worldly self

Tadatmya     
To become one with it; Oneness

Tadbir   
Bad luck 

Tadroop  
Absorbed in a substance; To become that form

Taipho
Deliberately involving others in a personal conflict by complaining profusely. This is a devious ploy people use to get what they want.

Takaraman   
Reaction to a conflict as clash

Takdir    
Good luck

Takor   
Cautionary comment

Tamas   
Darkness; Relative unawareness; Lethargy; One of the three gunas: sattva, rajas, tamas. The Self is beyond these three attributes.

Tamasik      
Non-vegetarian

Tan
Body

Tanbhed 
Division of bodies

Tankotkirnavat    
Immiscible

Tankotkirna-vat is also explained as:  "No matter how much you shake a mixture of oil and water, the two will never mix into each other to the extent of becoming a compound". The two are totally immiscible. In the same manner, the Soul of a person who has not yet acquired Atma Gnan, has always remained totally and completely separate from his Ego and his body.

Tanmayakar   
To become one with or engrossed; Absorbed in its enjoyment; Become one with situation; Become the body and the mind

Tant
Connection

Tantili       
Associated with a link of dwesh kashay

Tanto   
Lingering effects; Inner link; Intense mental note itself; Prolonged feeling of grudge that continues to be linked with that conflict

Tapa    
Penance; Austerity

Tapashcharya
Austerities

Tapasvi  
Ascetic

Tapogachha  
One who believes in physical penance to attain liberation

Tarchhod 
Intense contempt

Tatastha drashti  
Unprejudiced vision

Tattva   
Eternal element; Essence

Tattva buddhi   
Real intellect; Right intellect

Tattva drashti
Elemental vision (to see the five other eternal elements as they are from the perspective of the fully enlightened Self, vision of absolute knowledge)

Tattva gnan   
Spiritual knowledge (Knowledge of eternal elements)

Teeka       
Criticism

Tej     
Glow and aura

Tejas sharira  
Electrical body (tejas body, the body that carries on physiological functions and accompanies the soul into the next birth)

Tejasvi
Radiant; Brilliant; Powerful; Dignified

Tejavaan     
Illuminating; Radiant

Tejokaya  
Fire bodies

Tejomaya
Full with illumination

Tesee   
Arrogant

Thapko
Scolding heavily

Tiraskar     
Contempt; Scornful rejection

Tirobhav
To be covered; Disappearance; Wrong belief; Death

Tirtha
Place of pilgrimage

Tirthankar  
The absolutely enlightened One with a human body who liberates millions; Fully enlightened being; The final embodiment of the Soul before attaining liberation

Tiryancha Gati     
The animal life form

Tivra Gnan dasha
State of Knowledge greatly focused on the Self; Highest state of the Self

Tochhadaai   
Rude

Tragu 
Manipulative tantrum

Trailokya 
Three worlds; (Atma can see and know all three worlds: Madhyalok (world of animals and humans), Adholok (world of Hellish beings) and Urdhvalok (world of Celestial beings)

Trailokya prakashak
The illuminator and the knower of all the three worlds

Tranavatari    
Three lives before moksha

Trasa (Trasta)
Frightened; Timid; (A living being who feels the fear)

Trikaran 
The mind, speech and body are the three instruments of action

Trividh taap 
Threefold suffering namely of aadhi, vyadhi and upadhi

Triyoga sadhana
Spiritual practice of controlling the mind, body and speech

Trupta 
No further demand; self-satisfaction

Trutium
Something other than imagined or expected; Strange; Third factor

Tumakhi    
Hot temper

Tundmijaji     
Head strong

Turo
Astringent

Tyaag  
Renunciation

Tyaagis  
Those who renounce the worldly life

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U

Uchit
High level

Udaseen  
Indifferent; Having no interest; Detached

Udaseenta
State of apathy; Detachment

Udaya   
Unfolding; Coming into effect; Arising

Udayadhin   
Subject to unfolding karma effect

Udayakarma   
Unfolding of karma

Udayavash    
Under the control of circumstances

Udirana   
Discharge of pending karmas prematurely

Udvega
Emotional agitation; Intense emotional upheaval with overt clash; Extreme emotion; Severe anxiety

Ukel   
Solution

Ungamo
Dislike

Unmattata 
Sense of accomplishment; Reaction of swelling with pride

Unodari  
Eating less food than what one has the appetite for; Avoidance of full meal

Unodari tapa    
The penance of eating less

Unsamajan  
Misunderstanding

Upadaan  
Spiritual readiness and receptivity

Upadeya  
Worth acquiring

Upadhi    
Externally-induced problems and resultant suffering; Affliction from external sources

Upadhyayas   
Those who have attained Self-realization and help others do the same; Preceptor

Upakari    
Benefactor; The benevolent; The one who is beneficial

Upari    
Supreme; Boss

Upashraya    
Place where seekers of liberation gather; Jain monastery; Place of worship

Upavas
Fasting

Upaya   
Solution

Upayog  
Active and alert attentiveness of the real Self; Focused awareness; Continuous focused awareness of the Self; Awareness as the Self

Upayog jagruti  
Focused awareness

Upbhog
Is where you use something over and over again

Updesha
Advice; Instruction; Teaching; Admonition

Updeshak
Preacher; Religious teacher

Upeksha 
Ignore without aversion

Updhyan    
Perverted meditation; Thinking ill of others

Upmaan  
Insult; Defamation and disgrace

Upsarga  
Externally induced suffering; Difficulties; Challenges or distractions which retard one's progress on the spiritual path

Upsham  
Covered; Smoldering; Dormant; Energy that temporarily prevents karmas from coming to effect; Suppression

Upshambhaav
Relaxation and peace experienced when karma declines

Urdhva gami     
That which is proceeding towards higher level of existence, higher life forms; To rise to higher level of birth eg. From human to heavenly bodies

Urdhva gati
To rise to higher level of birth

Urdhva lok
The higher plane of existence

Urdhvikaran
To rise higher

Utkrushta
Excellent; Maximum

Utsarg
Inner renunciation

Utsarpini 
Ascending cycle (of six eons); Ascending round; Progressive half-cycle

Utsarpini kaal  
The ascending six Eras when lifespan, strength and prosperity of all living creatures increase

Uttapana    
Frightful heat

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V

Vaachagnan  
Knowledge acquired through speech

Vaad    
Discussion

Vaanka and jada
Obstinate and unaware

Vaasnas 
Worldly desires; Subtle desires; Mentaltendencies

Vaav 
Step-well

Vachanbud
Power of one's words

Vachannirpeksha  
Speaking from a state of non-expectation

Vachansapeksha  
Speaking with expectation

Vachanyoga
To be involved in all that is attained through words; Yoga of speech

Vadgan 
Possessed

Vagodavu     
Deep rumination

Vahem      
Doubt

Vaikunth  
Heavenly abode of Lord Vishnu, where all tendencies of the chit return home to the Self

Vairaag       
Without desires; Indifference to pleasure and pain; Non-attachment; Indifference or aversion to worldly pleasures; Freedom from attachment to worldly pleasures

Vairagi        
Renunciate

Vairagya
Dispassion towards the worldly life; Indifference or aversion to worldly pleasures

Vaishnavs
Followers of Lord Krishna

Vaishya
The businessmen

Vakhan
Compliments

Vakhod
Criticism

Vakilaat
Plead like a lawyer

Vakkar
Respect

Vakragati
Oblique or downward movement (Of the Self)

Vakta
Speaker

Vanaspati
Plants; Vegetables

Vanaspatikayik
Vegetable bodied soul

Vanchit
To remain in obscurity and delusion

Vandana
Reverent salutation

Vandaniya
Worthy of salutation

Vandha  
Objections

Vandha-vachaka 
Objections and its reactions

Vani  
Speech

Vaniks   
Those who make a living through their speech and intellect, mostly businessman in India

Vartaman     
Present; Now; Current

Vartaman yoga  
Union of the present

Vartan  
Conduct; Behavior

Vartan moha
Conduct under the effect of illusion

Varte   
Prevails

Vash    
Under control

Vastu   
The Self: it has dravya (matter), guna (property) and paryaya (phases); Real matter

Vastutva
To know 'Who am I'; Self-realization

Vayu
Air

Vayukaya    
Air-bodied

Vedak
Sufferer

Vedakata
Property of suffering

Vedana
Suffering

Vedanaar
Sufferer

Vedaniya       
Suffering

Vedaniya karma 
Karma that brings physical suffering; Aghati karma that determines the mundane experience of pain and pleasure and accordingly known as (i)  Ashata vedaniya (ii) Shata vedaniya; pain-pleasure experiencing karma

Vedas 
Hindu scriptures

Vedavoon  
Endure

Vedey
Suffering

Vedhami
Wheaten flatbread with stuffing of mashed split pulse and jaggery topped with clarified butter

Veerasya bhushanam   
The glowing and beautiful decoration of the Fearless One

Vega  
Motion; Neutral state

Veyr   
Vengeance; Enmity; Revenge

Veyr bhaav 
Intention to have vengeance

Veyrvi   
One ready to avenge; Archenemies

Vibhav  
Attribute that is not of the Self; 'I am Chandulal'; Extra intent

Vibhav bhaav
Existence that is external and not of the Self

Vibhavik
Not original or inherent, but new, arising out of proximity with another element; Unnatural; Asahaj; Delusionary

Vibhavik avastha  
Interactive phase; State of the non-Self

Vibhavik guna   
Attribute of the non-Self; Attributes that are born out of coming together of the Self and the non-Self (matter)

Vibhavik parinam   
Effect of the non-self

Vibhavik pudgal 
Vibhavik means that it is a non-Self complex (pudgal) resulting from extra
inner intent (bhaav)

Vibhuti
Vibhutias the manifestation of the magnificence, splendor, energies and glory of the absolute pure Soul in a human body

Vichaar
Thought

Vichakshan    
Alert thinkers

Videha
Body-less; To be in a state where despite having a body, one remains unaffected

Videhi   
Beyond the body complex

Vidhata    
Creator

Vidhi   
Silent auspicious blessings performed by the Gnani for the salvation of the disciple; Auspicious silent blessings at the feet and other body parts of the Gnani; Special internal specific blessings; Special inner spiritual adjustment

Vighno
Obstacles

Vignan   
Science; Science of spiritual knowledge

Vihar   
Go on a journey (of Jain sadhu); Jain Monastery

Vikalp   
Ego, 'I am Chandulal'; It also means intellectual interference; Contrary thoughts

Vikalpi
Excessive; Unnatural

Vikar   
Passions; Sexual impulses

Vikarshan    
Repulsion

Vikhavaad 
Disagreement

Vikrut    
Unnatural characteristic

Vikshep   
Distraction or restlessness of the mind; Projecting the illusion; Interruption; Difficulties; False projection

Vimukta  
Absolutely free

Vinashi   
Temporary; Destructive; Perishable

Vinaya
Humility; Reverence to the elders

Vipak-vichaya
The third pillar of dharmadhyan is where if someone throws a stone at you, you accept it as the maturation of your own karma

Viparinam  
Circumstances due to your interference related effects

Viparit    
Misguided; Contradictory; Perverted; Opposite

Viparit buddhi   
Deviant intellect; Deluded intellect; Wrong intellect

Viparit gnan 
Deluded or wrong knowledge; Knowledge through wrong belief

Vipulmati
Highest level of intellectual development

Viraat     
The great one; Vast

Viradhak 
Insolent

Viradhak swabhav    
Negative nature

Viradhana   
Disrespect; To descend spiritually by negating any living being

Viraha 
Pining, the fire of separation from a loved one

Viraho  
Missing one's presence and suffer

Virati     
To refrain; To stop; Cessation; Break; Pause

Virodhabhas
Contradiction

Vir Purush     
As in Mahavir; The great brave One, spiritual giant-can remain in the state of absolute knowledge continuously; The Great One, the enlightened One

Virya  
Spiritual energy; Fundamental energy of the divine; Energy; Semen

Visarjan
Disintegration; Departure; Dissolution; Completion; Renunciation

Vishamta     
Agitation

Vishay 
Sensual pleasures; Subject matter; Any worldly thing or subject one finds pleasure in. It also means sexuality; Sexual indulgence or object of sense pleasure and indulgence therein; Worldly objects of enjoyment; It also means a Topic or subject

Vishayi     
One who indulges in the pleasures of the senses; One who engrosses oneself in and lustfully enjoys the subject

Vishay ras
Enjoyment of sensual pleasure (sexual enjoyment)

Vishay-vikar 
Sexuality and its impulses

Vishesh  
Extra; Particular; Distinguishable

Visheshan
Extra title 

Visheshata  
Superiority

Vishesh bhaav   
Identification with that which is not real, the non-Self; To have or act with feeling towards that which is non-Self; Sense of 'I am Chandulal'; Deluded self

Vishesh guna    
Special attributes

Vishesh parinam  
Extra results

Vishesh roop  
Extra form

Vishrasa    
Parmanus release their effects and dissipate; Pure subatomic particles in discharge process; Pure parmanus which exist outside

Vishuddhi    
Purity; Purification

Vishvas    
Trust

Vishwa
World

Vishwa darshan
Universal vision

Vishwa vandya
Worshipped by the world; Universally revered

Vismrut   
Absent from one's memory; Forgotten

Vismruti
Oblivion; Non-interference of the world through detachment towards it

Vitadwesh  
Free from abhorrence; Void of abhorrence; Without abhorrence

Vitarag  
The one who is free from all attachments; A state of non-attachment to any worldly things, including one's own body; Absolutely enlightened Ones

Vitaragata   
Absolute dispassion; State of absolute detachment; Total absence of attachment and abhorrence; Void of any attachment; Total non-attachment

Vitarag bhaav       
Complete non-attachment from within

Vitarag dharma  
Religion as prescribed by the Omniscients

Vitarag Lords     
Fully enlightened supreme beings who have no attachment to their relative self or the world

Vitarag Purush      
One who is free from all worldly attachments

Vivaad     
Dispute

Vivek     
Discrimination; Discretion

Vivek buddhi   
Intellectual discrimination

Viyog     
Dissipation of event; Separation

Vrat
Vow; Restraint

Vrutti  
Inner tendency; Inclination

Vyaapak
Spreading; Pervading; Comprehensive; Extending over, the whole

Vyabhichar  
Adultery; Immorality; Anomaly; Contradiction

Vyabhicharini 
Licentious or seductive; Perverted

Vyabhicharini buddhi  
Contradictory intellect; Misleading intellect

Vyadhi   
Physical suffering

Vyagrata   
Mental agitation and confusion; Unsteady and vagrant

Vyakhyan   
Spiritual lectures; Religious discourse; To talk to a large crowd of people

Vyakta
Manifest

Vyaktigat    
Personalized; Individualized

Vyaktitva
One's state

Vyakudata    
Uneasiness

Vyasan
Habit; Addiction to intoxicating drugs or drinks; Vice

Vyatirek  
Tertiary; Extraneous property (vyatirek guna - when two elements come together, a third new component of completely new property arises); distinct (vyatirek) attribute

Vyavahar   
Worldly interactions; Worldly duties; Worldly affairs through thoughts, speech and action

Vyavahar atma
The worldly self; The relative self

Vyavahar charitra  
Worldly conduct

Vyavahar dharma
Moral obligations in day-to-day life; Relative religion

Vyavahar gnan
Practical knowledge

Vyavaharikta
Ability to carry out worldly interactions

Vyavahar Rashi    
Manifested state; Interactive life state

Vyavahar shuddhi
Purity in worldly interaction

Vyavahar swaroop    
Worldly form

Vyavasthit    
Scientific circumstantial evidences

Vyavasthit shakti   
Natural energy of scientific circumstantial evidences

Vyaya 
Cessation; Deteriorate; Diminish or wear away

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W

X

Y

Yaad   
Memory

Yaadgiri   
Memory

Yagnas    
Rituals of sacrificial fire

Yaksha Deva   
Demi-God

Yakshini Devi
Demi-Goddess

Yama
Self-control or self-restraint towards niyam (rules and regulations and discipline)

Yamraj    
God of Death

Yashnaam karmas
Fame bearing karmas; Credit bearing karmas where one will be praised by everyone for anything he does

Yathartha        
As it should be; Real; Actual

Yatra   
Pilgrimage

Yoga
To join or union

Yogakshem
That which brings safety and prosperity

Yogbud   
Power acquired by yoga

Yogeshwar     
The ultimate Self; Yogeshwar Krishna (Krishna as the enlightened One)

Yogis   
Those who practice traditional disciplines and methods to attain the higher state; Ascetics

Yoni   
Source; Place of creation

Yug  
Era

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Z